runtime(compiler): add cppcheck linter compiler plugin

closes: #15804

Signed-off-by: Konfekt <Konfekt@users.noreply.github.com>
Signed-off-by: Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>

runtime/compiler/cppcheck.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+" vim compiler file
+" Compiler:	cppcheck (C++ static checker)
+" Maintainer:   Vincent B. (twinside@free.fr)
+" Last Change:  2024 Oct 4 by @Konfekt
+
+if exists("cppcheck")
+  finish
+endif
+let current_compiler = "cppcheck"
+
+let s:cpo_save = &cpo
+set cpo-=C
+
+if !exists('g:c_cppcheck_params')
+  let g:c_cppcheck_params = '--verbose --force --inline-suppr'
+        \ ..' '..'--enable=warning,style,performance,portability,information,missingInclude'
+        \ ..' '..(executable('getconf') ? '-j' .. systemlist('getconf _NPROCESSORS_ONLN')[0] : '')
+  let s:undo_compiler = 'unlet! g:c_cppcheck_params'
+endif
+
+let &l:makeprg = 'cppcheck --quiet'
+      \ ..' --template="{file}:{line}:{column}: {severity}: [{id}] {message} {callstack}"'
+      \ ..' '..get(b:, 'c_cppcheck_params',
+      \            g:c_cppcheck_params..' '..(&filetype ==# 'cpp' ? ' --language=c++' : ''))
+      \ ..' '..get(b:, 'c_cppcheck_includes', get(g:, 'c_cppcheck_includes',
+      \	          (filereadable('compile_commands.json') ? '--project=compile_commands.json' :
+      \	          (empty(&path) ? '' : '-I')..join(map(filter(split(&path, ','), 'isdirectory(v:val)'),'shellescape(v:val)'), ' -I'))))
+silent CompilerSet makeprg
+
+CompilerSet errorformat=
+  \%f:%l:%c:\ %tarning:\ %m,
+  \%f:%l:%c:\ %trror:\ %m,
+  \%f:%l:%c:\ %tnformation:\ %m,
+  \%f:%l:%c:\ %m,
+  \%.%#\ :\ [%f:%l]\ %m
+
+exe get(s:, 'undo_compiler', '')
+
+let &cpo = s:cpo_save
+unlet s:cpo_save