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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>UBD</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../U.html" title="U"/><link rel="previous" href="u-.html" title="u-"/><link rel="next" href="UBE.html" title="UBE"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">UBD</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="u-.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">U</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="UBE.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="UBD"/><dt xmlns="" id="UBD"><b>UBD</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/U·B·D/</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [abbreviation for &#8216;User Brain Damage&#8217;] An abbreviation
used to close out trouble reports obviously due to utter cluelessness on
the user's part. Compare <a href="../P/pilot-error.html"><i class="glossterm">pilot error</i></a>,
<a href="../P/PEBKAC.html"><i class="glossterm">PEBKAC</i></a>, <a href="../I/idiot.html"><i class="glossterm">ID10T</i></a>; oppose <a href="../P/PBD.html"><i class="glossterm">PBD</i></a>; see
also <a href="../B/brain-damaged.html"><i class="glossterm">brain-damaged</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="u-.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../U.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="UBE.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">u- </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> UBE</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>UBE</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../U.html" title="U"/><link rel="previous" href="UBD.html" title="UBD"/><link rel="next" href="ubergeek.html" title="ubergeek"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">UBE</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="UBD.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">U</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ubergeek.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="UBE"/><dt xmlns="" id="UBE"><b>UBE</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">//</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [abbrev., Unsolicited Bulk Email] A widespread, more formal term for
email <a href="../S/spam.html"><i class="glossterm">spam</i></a>. Compare <a href="UCE.html"><i class="glossterm">UCE</i></a>. The
UBE term recognizes that spam is uttered by nonprofit and advocacy groups
whose motives are not commercial.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="UBD.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../U.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ubergeek.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">UBD </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> ubergeek</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>UCE</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../U.html" title="U"/><link rel="previous" href="ubergeek.html" title="ubergeek"/><link rel="next" href="UDP.html" title="UDP"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">UCE</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ubergeek.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">U</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="UDP.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="UCE"/><dt xmlns="" id="UCE"><b>UCE</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [abbrev., Unsolicited Commercial Email] A widespread, more formal
term for email <a href="../S/spam.html"><i class="glossterm">spam</i></a>. Compare
<a href="UBE.html"><i class="glossterm">UBE</i></a>, which may be superseding it.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ubergeek.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../U.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="UDP.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">ubergeek </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> UDP</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>UDP</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../U.html" title="U"/><link rel="previous" href="UCE.html" title="UCE"/><link rel="next" href="UN-asterisk-X.html" title="UN*X"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">UDP</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="UCE.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">U</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="UN-asterisk-X.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="UDP"/><dt xmlns="" id="UDP"><b>UDP</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/U·D·P/</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">v.,n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [Usenet] Abbreviation for
<a href="Usenet-Death-Penalty.html"><i class="glossterm">Usenet Death Penalty</i></a>. Common (probably now more so than the full form), and
frequently verbed. Compare <a href="../I/IDP.html"><i class="glossterm">IDP</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="UCE.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../U.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="UN-asterisk-X.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">UCE </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> UN*X</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>UN*X</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../U.html" title="U"/><link rel="previous" href="UDP.html" title="UDP"/><link rel="next" href="undefined-external-reference.html" title="undefined external reference"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">UN*X</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="UDP.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">U</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="undefined-external-reference.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="UN-asterisk-X"/><dt xmlns="" id="UN-asterisk-X"><b>UN*X</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> Used to refer to the Unix operating system (a trademark of AT&amp;T,
then of Novell, then of Unix Systems Laboratories, then of the Open Group;
the source code parted company with it after Novell and was owned by SCO,
which was acquired by Caldera) in writing, but avoiding the need for the
ugly &#8482; typography (see also <a href="../0/TM.html"><i class="glossterm">(TM)</i></a>). Also used
to refer to any or all varieties of Unixoid operating systems. Ironically,
lawyers now say that the requirement for the trademark postfix has no legal
force, but the asterisk usage is entrenched anyhow. It has been suggested
that there may be a psychological connection to practice in certain
religions (especially Judaism) in which the name of the deity is never
written out in full, e.g., &#8216;YHWH&#8217; or &#8216;G--d&#8217; is
used. See also <a href="../G/glob.html"><i class="glossterm">glob</i></a> and <a href="../S/splat-out.html"><i class="glossterm">splat out</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="UDP.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../U.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="undefined-external-reference.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">UDP </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> undefined external reference</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>URL</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../U.html" title="U"/><link rel="previous" href="urchin.html" title="urchin"/><link rel="next" href="Usenet.html" title="Usenet"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">URL</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="urchin.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">U</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Usenet.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="URL"/><dt xmlns="" id="URL"><b>URL</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/U·R·L/</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/erl/</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> Uniform Resource Locator, an address widget that identifies a
document or resource on the World Wide Web. This entry is here primarily
to record the fact that the term is commonly pronounced both <span class="pronunciation">/erl/</span>, and <span class="pronunciation">/U-R-L/</span> (the latter predominates in more
formal contexts).</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="urchin.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../U.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Usenet.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">urchin </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Usenet</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>UTSL</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../U.html" title="U"/><link rel="previous" href="Utah-teapot.html" title="Utah teapot, the"/><link rel="next" href="UUOC.html" title="UUOC"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">UTSL</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Utah-teapot.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">U</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="UUOC.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="UTSL"/><dt xmlns="" id="UTSL"><b>UTSL</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">//</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [Unix] On-line acronym for &#8216;Use the Source, Luke&#8217; (a pun
on Obi-Wan Kenobi's &#8220;<span class="quote">Use the Force, Luke!</span>&#8221; in <i class="citetitle">Star
Wars</i>) &#8212; analogous to <a href="../R/RTFS.html"><i class="glossterm">RTFS</i></a> (sense
1), but more polite. This is a common way of suggesting that someone would
be better off reading the source code that supports whatever feature is
causing confusion, rather than making yet another futile pass through the
manuals, or broadcasting questions on Usenet that haven't attracted
<a href="../W/wizard.html"><i class="glossterm">wizard</i></a>s to answer them.</p><p>Once upon a time in <a href="../E/elder-days.html"><i class="glossterm">elder days</i></a>, everyone
running Unix had source. After 1978, AT&amp;T's policy tightened up, so
this objurgation was in theory appropriately directed only at associates of
some outfit with a Unix source license. In practice, bootlegs of Unix
source code (made precisely for reference purposes) were so ubiquitous that
one could utter it at almost anyone on the network without concern.</p><p>Nowadays, free Unix clones have become widely enough distributed that
anyone can read source legally. The most widely distributed is certainly
Linux, with variants of the NET/2 and 4.4BSD distributions running second.
Cheap commercial Unixes with source such as BSD/OS are accelerating this
trend.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Utah-teapot.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../U.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="UUOC.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Utah teapot, the </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> UUOC</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>UUOC</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../U.html" title="U"/><link rel="previous" href="UTSL.html" title="UTSL"/><link rel="next" href="../V.html" title="V"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">UUOC</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="UTSL.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">U</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="../V.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="UUOC"/><dt xmlns="" id="UUOC"><b>UUOC</b></dt></dt><dd><p> [from the comp.unix.shell group on Usenet] Stands for <span class="firstterm">Useless Use of <a href="../C/cat.html"><i class="glossterm">cat</i></a></span>; the
reference is to the Unix command
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">cat</span>(1)</span>,
not the feline animal. As received wisdom on comp.unix.shell observes,
&#8220;<span class="quote">The purpose of cat is to concatenate (or &#8216;catenate&#8217;)
files. If it's only one file, concatenating it with nothing at all is a
waste of time, and costs you a process.</span>&#8221; Nevertheless one sees
people doing</p><div class="literallayout"><p><br/>
cat file | some_command and its args ...<br/>
</p></div><p>instead of the equivalent and cheaper</p><div class="literallayout"><p><br/>
&lt;file some_command and its args ...<br/>
</p></div><p>or (equivalently and more classically)</p><div class="literallayout"><p><br/>
some_command and its args ... &lt;file<br/>
</p></div><p>Since 1995, occasional awards for UUOC have been given out, usually
by Perl luminary Randal L. Schwartz. There is a <a href="http://www.ling.helsinki.fi/~reriksso/unix/award.html" target="_top"> web
page</a> devoted to this and other similar awards.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="UTSL.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../U.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="../V.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">UTSL </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> V</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>Unix brain damage</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../U.html" title="U"/><link rel="previous" href="Unix.html" title="Unix"/><link rel="next" href="Unix-conspiracy.html" title="Unix conspiracy"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Unix brain damage</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Unix.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">U</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Unix-conspiracy.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="Unix-brain-damage"/><dt xmlns="" id="Unix-brain-damage"><b>Unix brain damage</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> Something that has to be done to break a network program (typically
a mailer) on a non-Unix system so that it will interoperate with Unix
systems. The hack may qualify as <span class="firstterm">Unix brain
damage</span> if the program conforms to published standards and the
Unix program in question does not. Unix brain damage happens because it is
much easier for other (minority) systems to change their ways to match
non-conforming behavior than it is to change all the hundreds of thousands
of Unix systems out there.</p><p>An example of Unix brain damage is a <a href="../K/kluge.html"><i class="glossterm">kluge</i></a> in
a mail server to recognize bare line feed (the Unix newline) as an
equivalent form to the Internet standard newline, which is a carriage
return followed by a line feed. Such things can make even a hardened
<a href="../J/jock.html"><i class="glossterm">jock</i></a> weep.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Unix.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../U.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Unix-conspiracy.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Unix </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Unix conspiracy</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>Unix conspiracy</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../U.html" title="U"/><link rel="previous" href="Unix-brain-damage.html" title="Unix brain damage"/><link rel="next" href="Unix-weenie.html" title="Unix weenie"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Unix conspiracy</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Unix-brain-damage.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">U</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Unix-weenie.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="Unix-conspiracy"/><dt xmlns="" id="Unix-conspiracy"><b>Unix conspiracy</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [ITS] According to a conspiracy theory long popular among
<a href="../I/ITS.html"><i class="glossterm">ITS</i></a> and <a href="../T/TOPS-20.html"><i class="glossterm">TOPS-20</i></a> fans, Unix's
growth is the result of a plot, hatched during the 1970s at Bell Labs,
whose intent was to hobble AT&amp;T's competitors by making them dependent
upon a system whose future evolution was to be under AT&amp;T's control.
This would be accomplished by disseminating an operating system that is
apparently inexpensive and easily portable, but also relatively unreliable
and insecure (so as to require continuing upgrades from AT&amp;T). This
theory was lent a substantial impetus in 1984 by the paper referenced in
the <a href="../B/back-door.html"><i class="glossterm">back door</i></a> entry.</p><p>In this view, Unix was designed to be one of the first computer
viruses (see <a href="../V/virus.html"><i class="glossterm">virus</i></a>) &#8212; but a virus spread to
computers indirectly by people and market forces, rather than directly
through disks and networks. Adherents of this &#8216;Unix virus&#8217;
theory like to cite the fact that the well-known quotation &#8220;<span class="quote">Unix is
snake oil</span>&#8221; was uttered by <a href="../D/DEC.html"><i class="glossterm">DEC</i></a> president
Kenneth Olsen shortly before DEC began actively promoting its own family of
Unix workstations. (Olsen now claims to have been misquoted.)</p><p>If there was ever such a conspiracy, it got thoroughly out of the
plotters' control after 1990. AT&amp;T sold its Unix operation to Novell
around the same time <a href="../L/Linux.html"><i class="glossterm">Linux</i></a> and other free-Unix
distributions were beginning to make noise.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Unix-brain-damage.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../U.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Unix-weenie.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Unix brain damage </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Unix weenie</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>Unix weenie</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../U.html" title="U"/><link rel="previous" href="Unix-conspiracy.html" title="Unix conspiracy"/><link rel="next" href="unixism.html" title="unixism"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Unix weenie</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Unix-conspiracy.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">U</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="unixism.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="Unix-weenie"/><dt xmlns="" id="Unix-weenie"><b>Unix weenie</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [ITS] </p></dd><dd><p> 1. A derogatory play on &#8216;Unix wizard&#8217;, common among
hackers who use Unix by necessity but would prefer alternatives. The
implication is that although the person in question may consider mastery of
Unix arcana to be a wizardly skill, the only real skill involved is the
ability to tolerate (and the bad taste to wallow in) the incoherence and
needless complexity that is alleged to infest many Unix programs.
&#8220;<span class="quote">This shell script tries to parse its arguments in 69 bletcherous
ways. It must have been written by a real Unix weenie.</span>&#8221; </p></dd><dd><p> 2. A derogatory term for anyone who engages in uncritical praise of
Unix. Often appearing in the context &#8220;<span class="quote">stupid Unix weenie</span>&#8221;.
See <a href="../W/Weenix.html"><i class="glossterm">Weenix</i></a>, <a href="Unix-conspiracy.html"><i class="glossterm">Unix conspiracy</i></a>.
See also <a href="../W/weenie.html"><i class="glossterm">weenie</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Unix-conspiracy.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../U.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="unixism.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Unix conspiracy </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> unixism</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>Unix</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../U.html" title="U"/><link rel="previous" href="uninteresting.html" title="uninteresting"/><link rel="next" href="Unix-brain-damage.html" title="Unix brain damage"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Unix</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="uninteresting.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">U</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Unix-brain-damage.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="Unix"/><dt xmlns="" id="Unix"><b>Unix</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/yoo´niks/</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [In the authors' words, &#8220;<span class="quote">A weak pun on Multics</span>&#8221;; very
early on it was &#8220;<span class="quote">UNICS</span>&#8221;] (also &#8220;<span class="quote">UNIX</span>&#8221;) An
interactive timesharing system invented in 1969 by Ken Thompson after Bell
Labs left the Multics project, originally so he could play games on his
scavenged PDP-7. Dennis Ritchie, the inventor of C, is considered a
co-author of the system. The turning point in Unix's history came when it
was reimplemented almost entirely in C during 1972&#8212;1974, making it
the first source-portable OS. Unix subsequently underwent mutations and
expansions at the hands of many different people, resulting in a uniquely
flexible and developer-friendly environment. By 1991, Unix had become the
most widely used multiuser general-purpose operating system in the world
&#8212; and since 1996 the variant called <a href="../L/Linux.html"><i class="glossterm">Linux</i></a> has
been at the cutting edge of the <a href="../O/open-source.html"><i class="glossterm">open source</i></a>
movement. Many people consider the success of Unix the most important
victory yet of hackerdom over industry opposition (but see <a href="Unix-weenie.html"><i class="glossterm">Unix
weenie</i></a> and <a href="Unix-conspiracy.html"><i class="glossterm">Unix conspiracy</i></a> for an
opposing point of view). See <a href="../V/Version-7.html"><i class="glossterm">Version 7</i></a>,
<a href="../B/BSD.html"><i class="glossterm">BSD</i></a>, <a href="../L/Linux.html"><i class="glossterm">Linux</i></a>.</p><div class="mediaobject"><a id="ritchiethompson"/><img src="../graphics/richiethompson.jpg"/><div class="caption"><p>Archetypal hackers ken (left) and dmr (right).</p></div></div><p>Some people are confused over whether this word is appropriately
&#8216;UNIX&#8217; or &#8216;Unix&#8217;; both forms are common, and used
interchangeably. Dennis Ritchie says that the &#8216;UNIX&#8217; spelling
originally happened in CACM's 1974 paper <i class="citetitle">The UNIX Time-Sharing
System</i> because &#8220;<span class="quote">we had a new typesetter and
<a href="../T/troff.html"><i class="glossterm">troff</i></a> had just been invented and we were intoxicated
by being able to produce small caps.</span>&#8221; Later, dmr tried to get the
spelling changed to &#8216;Unix&#8217; in a couple of Bell Labs papers, on
the grounds that the word is not acronymic. He failed, and eventually (his
words) &#8220;<span class="quote">wimped out</span>&#8221; on the issue. So, while the trademark
today is &#8216;UNIX&#8217;, both capitalizations are grounded in ancient
usage; the Jargon File uses &#8216;Unix&#8217; in deference to dmr's
wishes.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="uninteresting.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../U.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Unix-brain-damage.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">uninteresting </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Unix brain damage</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>Usenet Death Penalty</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../U.html" title="U"/><link rel="previous" href="Usenet.html" title="Usenet"/><link rel="next" href="user.html" title="user"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Usenet Death Penalty</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Usenet.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">U</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="user.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="Usenet-Death-Penalty"/><dt xmlns="" id="Usenet-Death-Penalty"><b>Usenet Death Penalty</b></dt></dt><dd><p> [Usenet] A sanction against sites that habitually spew Usenet
<a href="../S/spam.html"><i class="glossterm">spam</i></a>. This can be either passive or active. A
passive UDP refers to the dropping of all postings by a particular domain
so as to inhibit propagation. An active UDP refers to third-party
cancellation of all postings by the UDPed domain. A partial UDP is one
which applies only to certain newsgroups or hierarchies in Usenet. Compare
<a href="../I/Internet-Death-Penalty.html"><i class="glossterm">Internet Death Penalty</i></a>, with which this term is
sometimes confused.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Usenet.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../U.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="user.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Usenet </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> user</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>Usenet</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../U.html" title="U"/><link rel="previous" href="URL.html" title="URL"/><link rel="next" href="Usenet-Death-Penalty.html" title="Usenet Death Penalty"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Usenet</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="URL.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">U</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Usenet-Death-Penalty.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="Usenet"/><dt xmlns="" id="Usenet"><b>Usenet</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/yoos´net/</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/yooz´net/</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [from &#8216;Users' Network&#8217;; the original spelling was
USENET, but the mixed-case form is now widely preferred] A distributed
<a href="../B/bboard.html"><i class="glossterm">bboard</i></a> (bulletin board) system supported mainly by
Unix machines. Originally implemented in 1979--1980 by Steve Bellovin, Jim
Ellis, Tom Truscott, and Steve Daniel at Duke University and the University
of North Carolina, it has swiftly grown to become international in scope
and is now probably the largest decentralized information utility in
existence. As of late 2002, it hosts over 100,000
<a href="../N/newsgroup.html"><i class="glossterm">newsgroup</i></a>s and an unguessably huge volume of new
technical articles, news, discussion, chatter, and
<a href="../F/flamage.html"><i class="glossterm">flamage</i></a> every day (and that leaves out the
graphics...).</p><p>By the year the Internet hit the mainstream (1994) the original UUCP
transport for Usenet was fading out of use &#8212; almost all Usenet
connections were over Internet links. A lot of newbies and journalists
began to refer to &#8220;<span class="quote">Internet newsgroups</span>&#8221; as though Usenet was
and always had been just another Internet service. This ignorance greatly
annoys experienced Usenetters.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="URL.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../U.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Usenet-Death-Penalty.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">URL </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Usenet Death Penalty</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>Utah teapot, the</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../U.html" title="U"/><link rel="previous" href="userland.html" title="userland"/><link rel="next" href="UTSL.html" title="UTSL"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Utah teapot, the</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="userland.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">U</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="UTSL.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="Utah-teapot"/><dt xmlns="" id="Utah-teapot"><b>Utah teapot, the</b></dt></dt><dd><p>This object is historically one of the first complex 3D models to be
rendered in computer graphics. It consisted of about 110 vertices, and was
generated by Martin Newell in 1974 using hand-drawn Bezier curves, based on
a real teapot that he and his wife had bought. This model served as a basis
for comparing various 3D rendering methodologies for lighting, textures,
bump-mapping, etc. By the standards of 2002, the model is trivial to render
and thus is often not suited to demonstrate the complexity of modern
research. Despite this, the tea pot still appears, now and then, in recent
papers. More on the teapot's history lives at <a href="http://www.sjbaker.org/teapot/" target="_top">The History Of The Teapot</a>.
Compare <a href="../L/lenna.html"><i class="glossterm">lenna</i></a>, <a href="../S/Stanford-Bunny.html"><i class="glossterm">Stanford
Bunny</i></a></p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="userland.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../U.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="UTSL.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">userland </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> UTSL</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>u-</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../U.html" title="U"/><link rel="previous" href="../U.html" title="U"/><link rel="next" href="UBD.html" title="UBD"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">u-</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="../U.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">U</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="UBD.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="u-"/><dt xmlns="" id="u-"><b>u-</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">pref.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> Written shorthand for <a href="../M/micro-.html"><i class="glossterm">micro-</i></a>; techspeak when
applied to metric units, jargon when used otherwise. Derived from the
Greek letter µ the first letter of &#8220;<span class="quote">micro</span>&#8221; (and which
letter looks a lot like the English letter &#8220;<span class="quote">u</span>&#8221;).</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="../U.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../U.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="UBD.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">U </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> UBD</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>ubergeek</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../U.html" title="U"/><link rel="previous" href="UBE.html" title="UBE"/><link rel="next" href="UCE.html" title="UCE"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">ubergeek</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="UBE.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">U</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="UCE.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="ubergeek"/><dt xmlns="" id="ubergeek"><b>ubergeek</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/oo´ber·geek/</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [common; often spelled with initial ü; from German über +
<a href="../G/geek.html"><i class="glossterm">geek</i></a>] Almost synonymous with
<a href="../D/demigod.html"><i class="glossterm">demigod</i></a>; used as a compliment of someone regarded as
a paragon of <a href="../G/geek.html"><i class="glossterm">geek</i></a> achievement and virtue. Has
partially replaced earlier <a href="../D/demigod.html"><i class="glossterm">demigod</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="UBE.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../U.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="UCE.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">UBE </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> UCE</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>undefined external reference</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../U.html" title="U"/><link rel="previous" href="UN-asterisk-X.html" title="UN*X"/><link rel="next" href="under-the-hood.html" title="under the hood"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">undefined external reference</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="UN-asterisk-X.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">U</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="under-the-hood.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="undefined-external-reference"/><dt xmlns="" id="undefined-external-reference"><b>undefined external reference</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">excl.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [Unix] A message from Unix's linker. Used in speech to flag loose
ends or dangling references in an argument or discussion.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="UN-asterisk-X.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../U.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="under-the-hood.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">UN*X </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> under the hood</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>under the hood</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../U.html" title="U"/><link rel="previous" href="undefined-external-reference.html" title="undefined external reference"/><link rel="next" href="undocumented-feature.html" title="undocumented feature"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">under the hood</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="undefined-external-reference.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">U</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="undocumented-feature.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="under-the-hood"/><dt xmlns="" id="under-the-hood"><b>under the hood</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">adj.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [hot-rodder talk] </p></dd><dd><p> 1. Used to introduce the underlying implementation of a product
(hardware, software, or idea). Implies that the implementation is not
intuitively obvious from the appearance, but the speaker is about to enable
the listener to <a href="../G/grok.html"><i class="glossterm">grok</i></a> it. &#8220;<span class="quote">Let's now look
under the hood to see how ....</span>&#8221; </p></dd><dd><p> 2. Can also imply that the implementation is much simpler than the
appearance would indicate: &#8220;<span class="quote">Under the hood, we are just fork/execing
the shell.</span>&#8221; </p></dd><dd><p> 3. Inside a chassis, as in &#8220;<span class="quote">Under the hood, this baby has a
40MHz 68030!</span>&#8221;</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="undefined-external-reference.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../U.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="undocumented-feature.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">undefined external reference </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> undocumented feature</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>undocumented feature</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../U.html" title="U"/><link rel="previous" href="under-the-hood.html" title="under the hood"/><link rel="next" href="uninteresting.html" title="uninteresting"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">undocumented feature</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="under-the-hood.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">U</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="uninteresting.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="undocumented-feature"/><dt xmlns="" id="undocumented-feature"><b>undocumented feature</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> See <a href="../F/feature.html"><i class="glossterm">feature</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="under-the-hood.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../U.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="uninteresting.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">under the hood </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> uninteresting</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>uninteresting</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../U.html" title="U"/><link rel="previous" href="undocumented-feature.html" title="undocumented feature"/><link rel="next" href="Unix.html" title="Unix"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">uninteresting</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="undocumented-feature.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">U</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Unix.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="uninteresting"/><dt xmlns="" id="uninteresting"><b>uninteresting</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">adj.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> 1. Said of a problem that, although
<a href="../N/nontrivial.html"><i class="glossterm">nontrivial</i></a>, can be solved simply by throwing
sufficient resources at it. </p></dd><dd><p> 2. Also said of problems for which a solution would neither advance
the state of the art nor be fun to design and code.</p></dd><dd><p>Hackers regard uninteresting problems as intolerable wastes of time,
to be solved (if at all) by lesser mortals. <span class="emphasis"><em>Real</em></span>
hackers (see <a href="../T/toolsmith.html"><i class="glossterm">toolsmith</i></a>) generalize uninteresting
problems enough to make them interesting and solve them &#8212; thus
solving the original problem as a special case (and, it must be admitted,
occasionally turning a molehill into a mountain, or a mountain into a
tectonic plate). See <a href="../W/WOMBAT.html"><i class="glossterm">WOMBAT</i></a>,
<a href="../S/SMOP.html"><i class="glossterm">SMOP</i></a>; compare <a href="../T/toy-problem.html"><i class="glossterm">toy problem</i></a>,
oppose <a href="../I/interesting.html"><i class="glossterm">interesting</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="undocumented-feature.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../U.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Unix.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">undocumented feature </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Unix</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>unixism</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../U.html" title="U"/><link rel="previous" href="Unix-weenie.html" title="Unix weenie"/><link rel="next" href="unswizzle.html" title="unswizzle"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">unixism</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Unix-weenie.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">U</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="unswizzle.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="unixism"/><dt xmlns="" id="unixism"><b>unixism</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> A piece of code or a coding technique that depends on the protected
multi-tasking environment with relatively low process-spawn overhead that
exists on virtual-memory Unix systems. Common
<a href="unixism.html"><i class="glossterm">unixism</i></a>s include: gratuitous use of
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">fork</span>(2)</span>;
the assumption that certain undocumented but well-known features of Unix
libraries such as
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">stdio</span>(3)</span>
are supported elsewhere; reliance on <a href="../O/obscure.html"><i class="glossterm">obscure</i></a>
side-effects of system calls (use of
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">sleep</span>(2)</span>
with a 0 argument to clue the scheduler that you're willing to give up your
time-slice, for example); the assumption that freshly allocated memory is
zeroed; and the assumption that fragmentation problems won't arise from
never
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">free</span>()</span>ing
memory. Compare <a href="../V/vaxocentrism.html"><i class="glossterm">vaxocentrism</i></a>; see also
<a href="../N/New-Jersey.html"><i class="glossterm">New Jersey</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Unix-weenie.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../U.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="unswizzle.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Unix weenie </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> unswizzle</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>unswizzle</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../U.html" title="U"/><link rel="previous" href="unixism.html" title="unixism"/><link rel="next" href="unwind-the-stack.html" title="unwind the stack"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">unswizzle</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="unixism.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">U</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="unwind-the-stack.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="unswizzle"/><dt xmlns="" id="unswizzle"><b>unswizzle</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">v.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> See <a href="../S/swizzle.html"><i class="glossterm">swizzle</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="unixism.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../U.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="unwind-the-stack.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">unixism </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> unwind the stack</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>unwind-protect</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../U.html" title="U"/><link rel="previous" href="unwind-the-stack.html" title="unwind the stack"/><link rel="next" href="up.html" title="up"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">unwind-protect</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="unwind-the-stack.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">U</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="up.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="unwind-protect"/><dt xmlns="" id="unwind-protect"><b>unwind-protect</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [MIT: from the name of a LISP operator] A task you must remember to
perform before you leave a place or finish a project. &#8220;<span class="quote">I have an
unwind-protect to call my advisor.</span>&#8221;</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="unwind-the-stack.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../U.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="up.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">unwind the stack </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> up</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>unwind the stack</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../U.html" title="U"/><link rel="previous" href="unswizzle.html" title="unswizzle"/><link rel="next" href="unwind-protect.html" title="unwind-protect"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">unwind the stack</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="unswizzle.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">U</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="unwind-protect.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="unwind-the-stack"/><dt xmlns="" id="unwind-the-stack"><b>unwind the stack</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">vi.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> 1. [techspeak] During the execution of a procedural language, one is
said to <span class="firstterm">unwind the stack</span> from a
called procedure up to a caller when one discards the stack frame and any
number of frames above it, popping back up to the level of the given
caller. In C this is done with <b class="command">longjmp</b>/<b class="command">setjmp</b>, in
LISP or C++ with <b class="command">throw/catch</b>. See also
<a href="../S/smash-the-stack.html"><i class="glossterm">smash the stack</i></a>. </p></dd><dd><p> 2. People can unwind the stack as well, by quickly dealing with a
bunch of problems: &#8220;<span class="quote">Oh heck, let's do lunch. Just a second while I
unwind my stack.</span>&#8221;</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="unswizzle.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../U.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="unwind-protect.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">unswizzle </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> unwind-protect</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>up</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../U.html" title="U"/><link rel="previous" href="unwind-protect.html" title="unwind-protect"/><link rel="next" href="upload.html" title="upload"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">up</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="unwind-protect.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">U</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="upload.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="up"/><dt xmlns="" id="up"><b>up</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">adj.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> 1. Working, in order. &#8220;<span class="quote">The down escalator is up.</span>&#8221;
Oppose <a href="../D/down.html"><i class="glossterm">down</i></a>. </p></dd><dd><p> 2. <span class="firstterm">bring up</span>: <span class="grammar">vt.</span> To create a working version and start it.
&#8220;<span class="quote">They brought up a down system.</span>&#8221;</p></dd><dd><p> 3. <span class="firstterm">come up</span> <span class="grammar">vi.</span> To become ready for production use.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="unwind-protect.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../U.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="upload.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">unwind-protect </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> upload</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>upload</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../U.html" title="U"/><link rel="previous" href="up.html" title="up"/><link rel="next" href="upstream.html" title="upstream"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">upload</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="up.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">U</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="upstream.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="upload"/><dt xmlns="" id="upload"><b>upload</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/uhp´lohd/</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">v.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> 1. [techspeak] To transfer programs or data over a digital
communications link from a system near you (especially a smaller or
peripheral <span class="firstterm">client</span> system) to one
further away from you (especially a larger or central <span class="firstterm">host</span> system). A transfer in the other
direction is, of course, called a <a href="../D/download.html"><i class="glossterm">download</i></a> </p></dd><dd><p> 2. [speculatively] To move the essential patterns and algorithms
that make up one's mind from one's brain into a computer. Those who are
convinced that such patterns and algorithms capture the complete essence of
the self view this prospect with pleasant anticipation.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="up.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../U.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="upstream.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">up </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> upstream</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>upstream</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../U.html" title="U"/><link rel="previous" href="upload.html" title="upload"/><link rel="next" href="upthread.html" title="upthread"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">upstream</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="upload.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">U</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="upthread.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="upstream"/><dt xmlns="" id="upstream"><b>upstream</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">adj.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [common] Towards the original author(s) or maintainer(s) of a
project. Used in connection with software that is distributed both in its
original source form and in derived, adapted versions through a
distribution (like the Debian version of Linux or one of the BSD ports)
that has component maintainers for each of their parts. When a component
maintainer receives a bug report or patch, he may choose to retain the
patch as a porting tweak to the distribution's derivative of the project,
or to pass it upstream to the project's maintainer. The antonym <span class="firstterm">downstream</span> is rare.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="upload.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../U.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="upthread.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">upload </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> upthread</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>upthread</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../U.html" title="U"/><link rel="previous" href="upstream.html" title="upstream"/><link rel="next" href="uptime.html" title="uptime"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">upthread</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="upstream.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">U</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="uptime.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="upthread"/><dt xmlns="" id="upthread"><b>upthread</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">adv.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> Earlier in the discussion (see <a href="../T/thread.html"><i class="glossterm">thread</i></a>), i.e.,
&#8216;above&#8217;. &#8220;<span class="quote">As Joe pointed out upthread,
...</span>&#8221; See also <a href="../F/followup.html"><i class="glossterm">followup</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="upstream.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../U.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="uptime.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">upstream </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> uptime</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>uptime</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../U.html" title="U"/><link rel="previous" href="upthread.html" title="upthread"/><link rel="next" href="urchin.html" title="urchin"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">uptime</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="upthread.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">U</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="urchin.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="uptime"/><dt xmlns="" id="uptime"><b>uptime</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> Technically, a machine's time since last reboot; jargonically, how
long a hacker has gone without sleep. &#8220;<span class="quote">What's your uptime?</span>&#8221;
&#8220;<span class="quote">Oh, about 28 hours so far, but I think I can probably do another
12.</span>&#8221; This is, of course, a reference to the uptime command and the
pride with which most Unix types note how long their computers go without
reboots. Uptime is a testament to the stability of the OS and the stamina
of the hacker.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="upthread.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../U.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="urchin.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">upthread </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> urchin</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>urchin</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../U.html" title="U"/><link rel="previous" href="uptime.html" title="uptime"/><link rel="next" href="URL.html" title="URL"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">urchin</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="uptime.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">U</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="URL.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="urchin"/><dt xmlns="" id="urchin"><b>urchin</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> See <a href="../M/munchkin.html"><i class="glossterm">munchkin</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="uptime.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../U.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="URL.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">uptime </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> URL</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>user-friendly</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../U.html" title="U"/><link rel="previous" href="user.html" title="user"/><link rel="next" href="user-obsequious.html" title="user-obsequious"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">user-friendly</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="user.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">U</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="user-obsequious.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="user-friendly"/><dt xmlns="" id="user-friendly"><b>user-friendly</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">adj.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> Programmer-hostile. Generally used by hackers in a critical tone,
to describe systems that hold the user's hand so obsessively that they make
it painful for the more experienced and knowledgeable to get any work done.
See <a href="../M/menuitis.html"><i class="glossterm">menuitis</i></a>,
<a href="../D/drool-proof-paper.html"><i class="glossterm">drool-proof paper</i></a>, <a href="../M/Macintrash.html"><i class="glossterm">Macintrash</i></a>,
<a href="user-obsequious.html"><i class="glossterm">user-obsequious</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="user.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../U.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="user-obsequious.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">user </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> user-obsequious</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>user-obsequious</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../U.html" title="U"/><link rel="previous" href="user-friendly.html" title="user-friendly"/><link rel="next" href="userland.html" title="userland"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">user-obsequious</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="user-friendly.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">U</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="userland.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="user-obsequious"/><dt xmlns="" id="user-obsequious"><b>user-obsequious</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">adj.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> Emphatic form of <a href="user-friendly.html"><i class="glossterm">user-friendly</i></a>. Connotes a
system so verbose, inflexible, and determinedly simple-minded that it is
nearly unusable. &#8220;<span class="quote">Design a system any fool can use and only a fool
will want to use it.</span>&#8221; See <a href="../W/WIMP-environment.html"><i class="glossterm">WIMP environment</i></a>,
<a href="../M/Macintrash.html"><i class="glossterm">Macintrash</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="user-friendly.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../U.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="userland.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">user-friendly </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> userland</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>user</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../U.html" title="U"/><link rel="previous" href="Usenet-Death-Penalty.html" title="Usenet Death Penalty"/><link rel="next" href="user-friendly.html" title="user-friendly"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">user</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Usenet-Death-Penalty.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">U</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="user-friendly.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="user"/><dt xmlns="" id="user"><b>user</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> 1. Someone doing &#8216;real work&#8217; with the computer, using it
as a means rather than an end. Someone who pays to use a computer. See
<a href="../R/real-user.html"><i class="glossterm">real user</i></a>. </p></dd><dd><p> 2. A programmer who will believe anything you tell him. One who
asks silly questions. [GLS observes: This is slightly unfair. It is true
that users ask questions (of necessity). Sometimes they are thoughtful or
deep. Very often they are annoying or downright stupid, apparently because
the user failed to think for two seconds or look in the documentation
before bothering the maintainer.] See <a href="../L/luser.html"><i class="glossterm">luser</i></a>.</p></dd><dd><p> 3. Someone who uses a program from the outside, however skillfully,
without getting into the internals of the program. One who reports bugs
instead of just going ahead and fixing them.</p></dd><dd><p>The general theory behind this term is that there are two classes of
people who work with a program: there are implementors (hackers) and
<a href="../L/luser.html"><i class="glossterm">luser</i></a>s. The users are looked down on by hackers to
some extent because they don't understand the full ramifications of the
system in all its glory. (The few users who do are known as <span class="firstterm">real winners</span>.) The term is a relative one: a
skilled hacker may be a user with respect to some program he himself does
not hack. A LISP hacker might be one who maintains LISP or one who uses
LISP (but with the skill of a hacker). A LISP user is one who uses LISP,
whether skillfully or not. Thus there is some overlap between the two
terms; the subtle distinctions must be resolved by context.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Usenet-Death-Penalty.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../U.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="user-friendly.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Usenet Death Penalty </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> user-friendly</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>userland</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../U.html" title="U"/><link rel="previous" href="user-obsequious.html" title="user-obsequious"/><link rel="next" href="Utah-teapot.html" title="Utah teapot, the"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">userland</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="user-obsequious.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">U</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Utah-teapot.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="userland"/><dt xmlns="" id="userland"><b>userland</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> Anywhere outside the kernel. &#8220;<span class="quote">That code belongs in
userland.</span>&#8221; This term has been in common use among Unix kernel
hackers since at least 1985, and may have have originated in that
community. The earliest sighting was reported from the usenet group
net.unix-wizards.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="user-obsequious.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../U.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Utah-teapot.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">user-obsequious </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Utah teapot, the</td></tr></table></div></body></html>