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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>OS/2</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../O.html" title="O"/><link rel="previous" href="OS.html" title="OS"/><link rel="next" href="OSS.html" title="OSS"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">OS/2</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="OS.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">O</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="OSS.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="OS-2"/><dt xmlns="" id="OS-2"><b>OS/2</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/O S too/</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> The anointed successor to MS-DOS for Intel 286- and 386-based
micros; proof that IBM/Microsoft couldn't get it right the second time,
either. Often called &#8216;Half-an-OS&#8217;. Mentioning it is usually
good for a cheap laugh among hackers &#8212; the design was so
<a href="../B/baroque.html"><i class="glossterm">baroque</i></a>, and the implementation of 1.x so bad, that
three years after introduction you could still count the major
<a href="../A/app.html"><i class="glossterm">app</i></a>s shipping for it on the fingers of two hands
&#8212; in unary. The 2.x versions were said to have improved somewhat,
and informed hackers rated them superior to Microsoft Windows (an
endorsement which, however, could easily be construed as damning with faint
praise). In the mid-1990s IBM put OS/2 on life support, refraining from
killing it outright purely for internal political reasons; by 1999 the
success of <a href="../L/Linux.html"><i class="glossterm">Linux</i></a> had effectively ended any
possibility of a renaissance. See <a href="../M/monstrosity.html"><i class="glossterm">monstrosity</i></a>,
<a href="../C/cretinous.html"><i class="glossterm">cretinous</i></a>, <a href="../S/second-system-effect.html"><i class="glossterm">second-system
effect</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="OS.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../O.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="OSS.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">OS </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> OSS</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>OS</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../O.html" title="O"/><link rel="previous" href="orthogonal.html" title="orthogonal"/><link rel="next" href="OS-2.html" title="OS/2"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">OS</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="orthogonal.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">O</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="OS-2.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="OS"/><dt xmlns="" id="OS"><b>OS</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/O·S/</span></dt></dt><dd><p> 1. [Operating System] <span class="grammar">n.</span> An
abbreviation heavily used in email, occasionally in speech. </p></dd><dd><p> 2. <span class="grammar">n. obs.</span> On ITS, an output
spy. See <i class="citetitle"><a href="../os-and-jedgar.html" title="OS and JEDGAR">OS and
JEDGAR</a></i> in Appendix A.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="orthogonal.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../O.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="OS-2.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">orthogonal </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> OS/2</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>OSS</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../O.html" title="O"/><link rel="previous" href="OS-2.html" title="OS/2"/><link rel="next" href="OT.html" title="OT"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">OSS</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="OS-2.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">O</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="OT.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="OSS"/><dt xmlns="" id="OSS"><b>OSS</b></dt></dt><dd><p> Written-only acronym for &#8220;<span class="quote">Open Source Software</span>&#8221; (see
<a href="open-source.html"><i class="glossterm">open source</i></a>). This is a rather ugly
<a href="../T/TLA.html"><i class="glossterm">TLA</i></a>, and the principals in the open-source movement
don't use it, but it has (perhaps inevitably) spread through the trade
press like kudzu.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="OS-2.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../O.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="OT.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">OS/2 </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> OT</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>OT</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../O.html" title="O"/><link rel="previous" href="OSS.html" title="OSS"/><link rel="next" href="OTOH.html" title="OTOH"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">OT</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="OSS.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">O</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="OTOH.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="OT"/><dt xmlns="" id="OT"><b>OT</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">//</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [Usenet: common] Abbreviation for &#8220;<span class="quote">off-topic</span>&#8221;. This is
used to respond to a question that is inappropriate for the newsgroup that
the questioner posted to. Often used in an HTML-style modifier or with
adverbs. See also <a href="../T/TAN.html"><i class="glossterm">TAN</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="OSS.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../O.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="OTOH.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">OSS </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> OTOH</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>OTOH</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../O.html" title="O"/><link rel="previous" href="OT.html" title="OT"/><link rel="next" href="out-of-band.html" title="out-of-band"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">OTOH</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="OT.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">O</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="out-of-band.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="OTOH"/><dt xmlns="" id="OTOH"><b>OTOH</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">//</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [Usenet; very common] On The Other Hand.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="OT.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../O.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="out-of-band.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">OT </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> out-of-band</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>Ob-</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../O.html" title="O"/><link rel="previous" href="../O.html" title="O"/><link rel="next" href="Obfuscated-C-Contest.html" title="Obfuscated C Contest"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Ob-</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="../O.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">O</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Obfuscated-C-Contest.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="Ob-"/><dt xmlns="" id="Ob-"><b>Ob-</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/ob/</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">pref.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> Obligatory. A piece of <a href="../N/netiquette.html"><i class="glossterm">netiquette</i></a>
acknowledging that the author has been straying from the newsgroup's
charter topic. For example, if a posting in alt.sex is a response to a
part of someone else's posting that has nothing particularly to do with
sex, the author may append &#8216;ObSex&#8217; (or &#8216;Obsex&#8217;) and
toss off a question or vignette about some unusual erotic act. It is
considered a sign of great <a href="../W/winnitude.html"><i class="glossterm">winnitude</i></a> when one's Obs
are more interesting than other people's whole postings.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="../O.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../O.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Obfuscated-C-Contest.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">O </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Obfuscated C Contest</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>Obfuscated C Contest</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../O.html" title="O"/><link rel="previous" href="Ob-.html" title="Ob-"/><link rel="next" href="obi-wan-error.html" title="obi-wan error"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Obfuscated C Contest</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Ob-.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">O</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="obi-wan-error.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="Obfuscated-C-Contest"/><dt xmlns="" id="Obfuscated-C-Contest"><b>Obfuscated C Contest</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> (in full, the &#8216;International Obfuscated C Code Contest&#8217;,
or IOCCC) An annual contest run since 1984 over Usenet by Landon Curt Noll
and friends. The overall winner is whoever produces the most unreadable,
creative, and bizarre (but working) C program; various other prizes are
awarded at the judges' whim. C's terse syntax and macro-preprocessor
facilities give contestants a lot of maneuvering room. The winning
programs often manage to be simultaneously (a) funny, (b) breathtaking
works of art, and (c) horrible examples of how <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> to
code in C.</p><p>This relatively short and sweet entry might help convey the flavor of
obfuscated C:</p><table border="0" bgcolor="#E0E0E0"><tr><td><pre class="programlisting">
/*
* HELLO WORLD program
* by Jack Applin and Robert Heckendorn, 1985
* (Note: depends on being able to modify elements of argv[],
* which is not guaranteed by ANSI and often not possible.)
*/
main(v,c)char**c;{for(v[c++]=&quot;Hello, world!\n)&quot;;
(!!c)[*c]&amp;&amp;(v--||--c&amp;&amp;execlp(*c,*c,c[!!c]+!!c,!c));
**c=!c)write(!!*c,*c,!!**c);}
</pre></td></tr></table><p>Here's another good one:</p><table border="0" bgcolor="#E0E0E0"><tr><td><pre class="programlisting">
/*
* Program to compute an approximation of pi
* by Brian Westley, 1988
* (requires pcc macro concatenation; try gcc -traditional-cpp)
*/
#define _ -F&lt;00||--F-OO--;
int F=00,OO=00;
main(){F_OO();printf(&quot;%1.3f\n&quot;,4.*-F/OO/OO);}F_OO()
{
_-_-_-_
_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_
_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_
_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_
_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_
_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_
_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_
_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_
_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_
_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_
_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_
_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_
_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_
_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_
_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_
_-_-_-_
}
</pre></td></tr></table><p>Note that this program works by computing its own area. For more
digits, write a bigger program. See also
<a href="../H/hello-world.html"><i class="glossterm">hello world</i></a>.</p><p>The IOCCC has an official home page at <a href="http://www.ioccc.org/" target="_top">http://www.ioccc.org/</a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Ob-.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../O.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="obi-wan-error.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Ob- </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> obi-wan error</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>Objectionable-C</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../O.html" title="O"/><link rel="previous" href="obi-wan-error.html" title="obi-wan error"/><link rel="next" href="obscure.html" title="obscure"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Objectionable-C</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="obi-wan-error.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">O</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="obscure.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="Objectionable-C"/><dt xmlns="" id="Objectionable-C"><b>Objectionable-C</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> Hackish take on &#8220;<span class="quote">Objective-C</span>&#8221;, the name of an
object-oriented dialect of C in competition with the better-known C++ (it
is used to write native applications on the NeXT machine). Objectionable-C
uses a Smalltalk-like syntax, but lacks the flexibility of Smalltalk method
calls, and (like many such efforts) comes frustratingly close to attaining
the <a href="../R/Right-Thing.html"><i class="glossterm">Right Thing</i></a> without actually doing so.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="obi-wan-error.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../O.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="obscure.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">obi-wan error </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> obscure</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>Old Testament</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../O.html" title="O"/><link rel="previous" href="old-fart.html" title="old fart"/><link rel="next" href="on-the-gripping-hand.html" title="on the gripping hand"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Old Testament</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="old-fart.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">O</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="on-the-gripping-hand.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="Old-Testament"/><dt xmlns="" id="Old-Testament"><b>Old Testament</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [C programmers] The first edition of <a href="../K/K-ampersand-R.html"><i class="glossterm">K&amp;R</i></a>, the sacred text describing
<a href="../C/Classic-C.html"><i class="glossterm">Classic C</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="old-fart.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../O.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="on-the-gripping-hand.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">old fart </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> on the gripping hand</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>Oracle, the</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../O.html" title="O"/><link rel="previous" href="optimism.html" title="optimism"/><link rel="next" href="Orange-Book.html" title="Orange Book"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Oracle, the</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="optimism.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">O</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Orange-Book.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="Oracle--the"/><dt xmlns="" id="Oracle--the"><b>Oracle, the</b></dt></dt><dd><p> The all-knowing, all-wise Internet Oracle <tt class="systemitem">rec.humor.oracle</tt>, or one of the foreign
language derivatives of same. Newbies frequently confuse the Oracle with
Oracle, a database vendor. As a result, the unmoderated <tt class="systemitem">rec.humor.oracle.d</tt> is frequently cross-posted
to by the clueless, looking for advice on SQL. As more than one person has
said in similar situations, &#8220;<span class="quote">Don't people bother to look at the
newsgroup description line anymore?</span>&#8221; (To which the standard response
is, &#8220;<span class="quote">Did people ever read it in the first place?</span>&#8221;)</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="optimism.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../O.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Orange-Book.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">optimism </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Orange Book</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>Orange Book</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../O.html" title="O"/><link rel="previous" href="Oracle--the.html" title="Oracle, the"/><link rel="next" href="oriental-food.html" title="oriental food"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Orange Book</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Oracle--the.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">O</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="oriental-food.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="Orange-Book"/><dt xmlns="" id="Orange-Book"><b>Orange Book</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> The U.S. Government's (now obsolete) standards document
<i class="citetitle">Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria, DOD standard
5200.28-STD, December, 1985</i> which characterize secure computing
architectures and defines levels A1 (most secure) through D (least).
Modern Unixes are roughly C2. See also
<a href="../B/book-titles.html"><i class="glossterm">book titles</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Oracle--the.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../O.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="oriental-food.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Oracle, the </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> oriental food</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>obi-wan error</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../O.html" title="O"/><link rel="previous" href="Obfuscated-C-Contest.html" title="Obfuscated C Contest"/><link rel="next" href="Objectionable-C.html" title="Objectionable-C"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">obi-wan error</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Obfuscated-C-Contest.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">O</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Objectionable-C.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="obi-wan-error"/><dt xmlns="" id="obi-wan-error"><b>obi-wan error</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/oh´bee·won` er'@r/</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [RPI, from <span class="firstterm">off-by-one</span> and the
Obi-Wan Kenobi character in <i class="citetitle">Star Wars</i>] A loop of
some sort in which the index is off by one.</p></dd><dd><p> 1. Common when the index should have started from 0 but instead
started from 1.</p></dd><dd><p> 2. A kind of <a href="off-by-one-error.html"><i class="glossterm">off-by-one error</i></a>. See also
<a href="../Z/zeroth.html"><i class="glossterm">zeroth</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Obfuscated-C-Contest.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../O.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Objectionable-C.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Obfuscated C Contest </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Objectionable-C</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>obscure</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../O.html" title="O"/><link rel="previous" href="Objectionable-C.html" title="Objectionable-C"/><link rel="next" href="octal-forty.html" title="octal forty"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">obscure</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Objectionable-C.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">O</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="octal-forty.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="obscure"/><dt xmlns="" id="obscure"><b>obscure</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">adj.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> Used in an exaggeration of its normal meaning, to imply total
incomprehensibility. &#8220;<span class="quote">The reason for that last crash is
obscure.</span>&#8221; &#8220;<span class="quote">The
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">find</span>(1)</span>
command's syntax is obscure!</span>&#8221; The phrase <span class="firstterm">moderately obscure</span> implies that something could
be figured out but probably isn't worth the trouble. The construction
<span class="firstterm">obscure in the extreme</span> is the
preferred emphatic form.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Objectionable-C.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../O.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="octal-forty.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Objectionable-C </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> octal forty</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>octal forty</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../O.html" title="O"/><link rel="previous" href="obscure.html" title="obscure"/><link rel="next" href="off-the-trolley.html" title="off the trolley"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">octal forty</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="obscure.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">O</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="off-the-trolley.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="octal-forty"/><dt xmlns="" id="octal-forty"><b>octal forty</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/ok´tl for´tee/</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> Hackish way of saying &#8220;<span class="quote">I'm drawing a blank.</span>&#8221; Octal 40
is the <a href="../A/ASCII.html"><i class="glossterm">ASCII</i></a> space character, 0100000; by an odd
coincidence, <a href="../H/hex.html"><i class="glossterm">hex</i></a> 40 (01000000) is the
<a href="../E/EBCDIC.html"><i class="glossterm">EBCDIC</i></a> space character. See
<a href="../W/wall.html"><i class="glossterm">wall</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="obscure.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../O.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="off-the-trolley.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">obscure </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> off the trolley</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>off-by-one error</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../O.html" title="O"/><link rel="previous" href="off-the-trolley.html" title="off the trolley"/><link rel="next" href="offline.html" title="offline"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">off-by-one error</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="off-the-trolley.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">O</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="offline.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="off-by-one-error"/><dt xmlns="" id="off-by-one-error"><b>off-by-one error</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [common] Exceedingly common error induced in many ways, such as by
starting at 0 when you should have started at 1 or vice-versa, or by
writing <b class="command">&lt; N</b> instead of <b class="command">&lt;= N</b> or vice-versa. Also applied to giving
something to the person next to the one who should have gotten it. Often
confounded with <a href="../F/fencepost-error.html"><i class="glossterm">fencepost error</i></a>, which is properly a
particular subtype of it.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="off-the-trolley.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../O.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="offline.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">off the trolley </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> offline</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>off the trolley</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../O.html" title="O"/><link rel="previous" href="octal-forty.html" title="octal forty"/><link rel="next" href="off-by-one-error.html" title="off-by-one error"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">off the trolley</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="octal-forty.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">O</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="off-by-one-error.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="off-the-trolley"/><dt xmlns="" id="off-the-trolley"><b>off the trolley</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">adj.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> Describes the behavior of a program that malfunctions and goes
catatonic, but doesn't actually <a href="../C/crash.html"><i class="glossterm">crash</i></a> or abort. See
<a href="../G/glitch.html"><i class="glossterm">glitch</i></a>, <a href="../B/bug.html"><i class="glossterm">bug</i></a>,
<a href="../D/deep-space.html"><i class="glossterm">deep space</i></a>, <a href="../W/wedged.html"><i class="glossterm">wedged</i></a>.</p><p>This term is much older than computing, and is (uncommon) slang
elsewhere. A trolley is the small wheel that trolls, or runs against, the
heavy wire that carries the current to run a streetcar. It's at the end of
the long pole (the trolley pole) that reaches from the roof of the
streetcar to the overhead line. When the trolley stops making contact with
the wire (from passing through a switch, going over bumpy track, or
whatever), the streetcar comes to a halt, (usually) without crashing. The
streetcar is then said to be off the trolley, or off the wire. Later on,
trolley came to mean the streetcar itself. Since streetcars became common
in the 1890s, the term is more than 100 years old. Nowadays, trolleys are
only seen on historic streetcars, since modern streetcars use pantographs
to contact the wire.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="octal-forty.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../O.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="off-by-one-error.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">octal forty </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> off-by-one error</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>offline</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../O.html" title="O"/><link rel="previous" href="off-by-one-error.html" title="off-by-one error"/><link rel="next" href="ogg.html" title="ogg"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">offline</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="off-by-one-error.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">O</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ogg.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="offline"/><dt xmlns="" id="offline"><b>offline</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">adv.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> Not now or not here. &#8220;<span class="quote">Let's take this discussion
offline.</span>&#8221; Specifically used on <a href="../U/Usenet.html"><i class="glossterm">Usenet</i></a> to
suggest that a discussion be moved off a public newsgroup to email.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="off-by-one-error.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../O.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ogg.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">off-by-one error </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> ogg</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>ogg</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../O.html" title="O"/><link rel="previous" href="offline.html" title="offline"/><link rel="next" href="suffix-oid.html" title="-oid"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">ogg</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="offline.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">O</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="suffix-oid.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="ogg"/><dt xmlns="" id="ogg"><b>ogg</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/og/</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">v.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [CMU] </p></dd><dd><p> 1. In the multi-player space combat game Netrek, to execute kamikaze
attacks against enemy ships which are carrying armies or occupying
strategic positions. Named during a game in which one of the players
repeatedly used the tactic while playing Orion ship G, showing up in the
player list as &#8220;<span class="quote">Og</span>&#8221;. This trick has been roundly denounced by
those who would return to the good old days when the tactic of dogfighting
was dominant, but as Sun Tzu wrote, &#8220;<span class="quote">What is of supreme importance in
war is to attack the enemy's strategy, not his tactics.</span>&#8221; However,
the traditional answer to the newbie question &#8220;<span class="quote">What does ogg
mean?</span>&#8221; is just &#8220;<span class="quote">Pick up some armies and I'll show you.</span>&#8221;
</p></dd><dd><p> 2. In other games, to forcefully attack an opponent with the
expectation that the resources expended will be renewed faster than the
opponent will be able to regain his previous advantage. Taken more
seriously as a tactic since it has gained a simple name. </p></dd><dd><p> 3. To do anything forcefully, possibly without consideration of the
drain on future resources. &#8220;<span class="quote">I guess I'd better go ogg the problem
set that's due tomorrow.</span>&#8221; &#8220;<span class="quote">Whoops! I looked down at the map
for a sec and almost ogged that oncoming car.</span>&#8221;</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="offline.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../O.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="suffix-oid.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">offline </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> -oid</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>old fart</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../O.html" title="O"/><link rel="previous" href="suffix-oid.html" title="-oid"/><link rel="next" href="Old-Testament.html" title="Old Testament"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">old fart</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="suffix-oid.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">O</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Old-Testament.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="old-fart"/><dt xmlns="" id="old-fart"><b>old fart</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> Tribal elder. A title self-assumed with remarkable frequency by
(esp.) Usenetters who have been programming for more than about 25 years;
often appears in <a href="../S/sig-block.html"><i class="glossterm">sig block</i></a>s attached to Jargon File
contributions of great archeological significance. This is a term of
insult in the second or third person but one of pride in first
person.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="suffix-oid.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../O.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Old-Testament.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">-oid </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Old Testament</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>on the gripping hand</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../O.html" title="O"/><link rel="previous" href="Old-Testament.html" title="Old Testament"/><link rel="next" href="one-banana-problem.html" title="one-banana problem"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">on the gripping hand</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Old-Testament.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">O</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="one-banana-problem.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="on-the-gripping-hand"/><dt xmlns="" id="on-the-gripping-hand"><b>on the gripping hand</b></dt></dt><dd><p> In the progression that starts &#8220;<span class="quote">On the one hand...</span>&#8221; and
continues &#8220;<span class="quote">On the other hand...</span>&#8221; mainstream English may add
&#8220;<span class="quote">on the third hand...</span>&#8221; even though most people don't have
three hands. Among hackers, it is just as likely to be &#8220;<span class="quote">on the
gripping hand</span>&#8221;. This metaphor supplied the title of Larry Niven
&amp; Jerry Pournelle's 1993 SF novel &#8220;<span class="quote">The Gripping Hand</span>&#8221;
which involved a species of hostile aliens with three arms (the same
species, in fact, referenced in <a href="../J/juggling-eggs.html"><i class="glossterm">juggling eggs</i></a>). As
with <a href="../T/TANSTAAFL.html"><i class="glossterm">TANSTAAFL</i></a> and <a href="../C/con_.html"><i class="glossterm">con</i></a>, this
usage became one of the naturalized imports from SF fandom frequently
observed among hackers.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Old-Testament.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../O.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="one-banana-problem.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Old Testament </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> one-banana problem</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>one-banana problem</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../O.html" title="O"/><link rel="previous" href="on-the-gripping-hand.html" title="on the gripping hand"/><link rel="next" href="one-line-fix.html" title="one-line fix"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">one-banana problem</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="on-the-gripping-hand.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">O</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="one-line-fix.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="one-banana-problem"/><dt xmlns="" id="one-banana-problem"><b>one-banana problem</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> At mainframe shops, where the computers have operators for routine
administrivia, the programmers and hardware people tend to look down on the
operators and claim that a trained monkey could do their job. It is
frequently observed that the incentives that would be offered said monkeys
can be used as a scale to describe the difficulty of a task. A one-banana
problem is simple; hence, &#8220;<span class="quote">It's only a one-banana job at the most;
what's taking them so long?</span>&#8221; At IBM, folklore divides the world into
one-, two-, and three-banana problems. Other cultures have different
hierarchies and may divide them more finely; at ICL, for example, five
grapes (a bunch) equals a banana. Their upper limit for the in-house
<a href="../S/sysape.html"><i class="glossterm">sysape</i></a>s is said to be two bananas and three grapes
(another source claims it's three bananas and one grape, but observes
&#8220;<span class="quote">However, this is subject to local variations, cosmic rays and
ISO</span>&#8221;). At a complication level any higher than that, one asks the
manufacturers to send someone around to check things.</p><p>See also <a href="../I/Infinite-Monkey-Theorem.html"><i class="glossterm">Infinite-Monkey Theorem</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="on-the-gripping-hand.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../O.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="one-line-fix.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">on the gripping hand </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> one-line fix</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>one-line fix</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../O.html" title="O"/><link rel="previous" href="one-banana-problem.html" title="one-banana problem"/><link rel="next" href="one-liner-wars.html" title="one-liner wars"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">one-line fix</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="one-banana-problem.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">O</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="one-liner-wars.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="one-line-fix"/><dt xmlns="" id="one-line-fix"><b>one-line fix</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> Used (often sarcastically) of a change to a program that is thought
to be trivial or insignificant right up to the moment it crashes the
system. Usually &#8216;cured&#8217; by another one-line fix. See also
<a href="../I/I-didn-t-change-anything-.html"><i class="glossterm">I didn't change anything!</i></a></p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="one-banana-problem.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../O.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="one-liner-wars.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">one-banana problem </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> one-liner wars</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>one-liner wars</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../O.html" title="O"/><link rel="previous" href="one-line-fix.html" title="one-line fix"/><link rel="next" href="ooblick.html" title="ooblick"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">one-liner wars</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="one-line-fix.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">O</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ooblick.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="one-liner-wars"/><dt xmlns="" id="one-liner-wars"><b>one-liner wars</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> A game popular among hackers who code in the language APL (see
<a href="../W/write-only-language.html"><i class="glossterm">write-only language</i></a> and
<a href="../L/line-noise.html"><i class="glossterm">line noise</i></a>). The objective is to see who can code the most
interesting and/or useful routine in one line of operators chosen from
APL's exceedingly <a href="../H/hairy.html"><i class="glossterm">hairy</i></a> primitive set. A similar
amusement was practiced among <a href="../T/TECO.html"><i class="glossterm">TECO</i></a> hackers and is
now popular among <a href="../P/Perl.html"><i class="glossterm">Perl</i></a> aficionados.</p><p>Ken Iverson, the inventor of APL, has been credited with a one-liner
that, given a number <tt class="literal">N</tt>, produces a list of
the prime numbers from 1 to <tt class="literal">N</tt> inclusive.
It looks like this:</p><table border="0" bgcolor="#E0E0E0"><tr><td><pre class="programlisting">
(2=0+.=T&#8709;.|T)/T&#8592;&#953;N
</pre></td></tr></table><p>Here's a <a href="../P/Perl.html"><i class="glossterm">Perl</i></a> program that prints
primes:</p><table border="0" bgcolor="#E0E0E0"><tr><td><pre class="programlisting">
perl -wle '(1 x $_) !~ /^(11+)\1+$/ &amp;&amp; print while ++ $_'
</pre></td></tr></table><p>In the Perl world this game is sometimes called Perl Golf because the
player with the fewest (key)strokes wins.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="one-line-fix.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../O.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ooblick.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">one-line fix </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> ooblick</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>ooblick</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../O.html" title="O"/><link rel="previous" href="one-liner-wars.html" title="one-liner wars"/><link rel="next" href="thread-OP.html" title="OP"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">ooblick</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="one-liner-wars.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">O</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="thread-OP.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="ooblick"/><dt xmlns="" id="ooblick"><b>ooblick</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/oo´blik/</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [from the Dr. Seuss title <i class="citetitle">Bartholomew and the
Oobleck</i>; the spelling &#8216;oobleck&#8217; is still current in
the mainstream] A bizarre semi-liquid sludge made from cornstarch and
water. Enjoyed among hackers who make batches during playtime at parties
for its amusing and extremely non-Newtonian behavior; it pours and
splatters, but resists rapid motion like a solid and will even crack when
hit by a hammer. Often found near lasers.</p><p>Here is a field-tested ooblick recipe contributed by GLS:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>1 cup cornstarch</p></li><li><p>1 cup baking soda</p></li><li><p>3/4 cup water</p></li><li><p>N drops of food coloring</p></li></ul></div><p>This recipe isn't quite as non-Newtonian as a pure cornstarch
ooblick, but has an appropriately slimy feel.</p><p>Some, however, insist that the notion of an ooblick
<span class="emphasis"><em>recipe</em></span> is far too mechanical, and that it is best to
add the water in small increments so that the various mixed states the
cornstarch goes through as it <span class="emphasis"><em>becomes</em></span> ooblick can be
grokked in fullness by many hands. For optional ingredients of this
experience, see the <i class="citetitle">
<a href="../chemicals.html" title="Ceremonial Chemicals">Ceremonial Chemicals</a></i> section of Appendix B.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="one-liner-wars.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../O.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="thread-OP.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">one-liner wars </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> OP</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>op</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../O.html" title="O"/><link rel="previous" href="thread-OP.html" title="OP"/><link rel="next" href="open.html" title="open"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">op</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="thread-OP.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">O</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="open.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="op"/><dt xmlns="" id="op"><b>op</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/op/</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> 1. In England and Ireland, common verbal abbreviation for
&#8216;operator&#8217;, as in system operator. Less common in the U.S.,
where <a href="../S/sysop.html"><i class="glossterm">sysop</i></a> seems to be preferred. </p></dd><dd><p> 2. [IRC] Someone who is endowed with privileges on
<a href="../I/IRC.html"><i class="glossterm">IRC</i></a>, not limited to a particular channel. These are
generally people who are in charge of the IRC server at their particular
site. Sometimes used interchangeably with <a href="../C/CHOP.html"><i class="glossterm">CHOP</i></a>.
Compare <a href="../S/sysop.html"><i class="glossterm">sysop</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="thread-OP.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../O.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="open.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">OP </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> open</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>open source</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../O.html" title="O"/><link rel="previous" href="open.html" title="open"/><link rel="next" href="open-switch.html" title="open switch"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">open source</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="open.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">O</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="open-switch.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="open-source"/><dt xmlns="" id="open-source"><b>open source</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [common; also adj. <span class="firstterm">open-source</span>] Term coined in March 1998
following the Mozilla release to describe software distributed in source
under licenses guaranteeing anybody rights to freely use, modify, and
redistribute, the code. The intent was to be able to sell the hackers'
ways of doing software to industry and the mainstream by avoiding the
negative connotations (to <a href="../S/suit.html"><i class="glossterm">suit</i></a>s) of the term
&#8220;<span class="quote"><a href="../F/free-software.html"><i class="glossterm">free software</i></a></span>&#8221;. For discussion of the
follow-on tactics and their consequences, see the <a href="http://www.opensource.org" target="_top">Open Source Initiative</a>
site.</p></dd><dd><p>Five years after this term was invented, in 2003, it is worth noting
the huge shift in assumptions it helped bring about, if only because the
hacker culture's collective memory of what went before is in some ways
blurring. Hackers have so completely refocused themselves around the idea
and ideal of open source that we are beginning to forget that we used to do
most of our work in closed-source environments. Until the late 1990s open
source was a sporadic exception that usually had to live on top of a
closed-source operating system and alongside closed-source tools; entire
open-source environments like <a href="../L/Linux.html"><i class="glossterm">Linux</i></a> and the *BSD
systems didn't even exist in a usable form until around 1993 and weren't
taken very seriously by anyone but a pioneering few until about five years
later. </p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="open.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../O.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="open-switch.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">open </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> open switch</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>open switch</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../O.html" title="O"/><link rel="previous" href="open-source.html" title="open source"/><link rel="next" href="operating-system.html" title="operating system"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">open switch</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="open-source.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">O</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="operating-system.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="open-switch"/><dt xmlns="" id="open-switch"><b>open switch</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [IBM: prob.: from railroading] An unresolved question, issue, or
problem.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="open-source.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../O.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="operating-system.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">open source </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> operating system</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>open</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../O.html" title="O"/><link rel="previous" href="op.html" title="op"/><link rel="next" href="open-source.html" title="open source"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">open</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="op.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">O</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="open-source.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="open"/><dt xmlns="" id="open"><b>open</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> Abbreviation for &#8216;open (or left) parenthesis&#8217; &#8212;
used when necessary to eliminate oral ambiguity. To read aloud the LISP
form (DEFUN FOO (X) (PLUS X 1)) one might say: &#8220;<span class="quote">Open defun foo, open
eks close, open, plus eks one, close close.</span>&#8221;</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="op.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../O.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="open-source.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">op </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> open source</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>operating system</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../O.html" title="O"/><link rel="previous" href="open-switch.html" title="open switch"/><link rel="next" href="operator-headspace.html" title="operator headspace"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">operating system</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="open-switch.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">O</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="operator-headspace.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="operating-system"/><dt xmlns="" id="operating-system"><b>operating system</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [techspeak] (Often abbreviated &#8216;OS&#8217;) The foundation
software of a machine; that which schedules tasks, allocates storage, and
presents a default interface to the user between applications. The
facilities an operating system provides and its general design philosophy
exert an extremely strong influence on programming style and on the
technical cultures that grow up around its host machines. Hacker folklore
has been shaped primarily by the <a href="../U/Unix.html"><i class="glossterm">Unix</i></a>,
<a href="../I/ITS.html"><i class="glossterm">ITS</i></a>, <a href="../T/TOPS-10.html"><i class="glossterm">TOPS-10</i></a>,
<a href="../T/TOPS-20.html"><i class="glossterm">TOPS-20</i></a>/<a href="../T/TWENEX.html"><i class="glossterm">TWENEX</i></a>,
<a href="../W/WAITS.html"><i class="glossterm">WAITS</i></a>, <a href="../C/CP-M.html"><i class="glossterm">CP/M</i></a>,
<a href="../M/MS-DOS.html"><i class="glossterm">MS-DOS</i></a>, and <a href="../M/Multics.html"><i class="glossterm">Multics</i></a> operating
systems (most importantly by ITS and Unix). See also
<a href="../T/timesharing.html"><i class="glossterm">timesharing</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="open-switch.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../O.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="operator-headspace.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">open switch </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> operator headspace</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>operator headspace</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../O.html" title="O"/><link rel="previous" href="operating-system.html" title="operating system"/><link rel="next" href="optical-diff.html" title="optical diff"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">operator headspace</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="operating-system.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">O</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="optical-diff.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="operator-headspace"/><dt xmlns="" id="operator-headspace"><b>operator headspace</b></dt></dt><dd><p>[common] More fully, &#8220;<span class="quote">operator headspace error</span>&#8221;. Synonym
for <a href="../P/pilot-error.html"><i class="glossterm">pilot error</i></a> &#8212; a dumb move, especially one
pulled by someone who ought to know better. Often used reflexively.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="operating-system.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../O.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="optical-diff.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">operating system </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> optical diff</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>optical diff</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../O.html" title="O"/><link rel="previous" href="operator-headspace.html" title="operator headspace"/><link rel="next" href="optical-grep.html" title="optical grep"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">optical diff</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="operator-headspace.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">O</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="optical-grep.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="optical-diff"/><dt xmlns="" id="optical-diff"><b>optical diff</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> See <a href="../V/vdiff.html"><i class="glossterm">vdiff</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="operator-headspace.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../O.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="optical-grep.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">operator headspace </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> optical grep</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>optical grep</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../O.html" title="O"/><link rel="previous" href="optical-diff.html" title="optical diff"/><link rel="next" href="optimism.html" title="optimism"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">optical grep</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="optical-diff.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">O</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="optimism.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="optical-grep"/><dt xmlns="" id="optical-grep"><b>optical grep</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> See <a href="../V/vgrep.html"><i class="glossterm">vgrep</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="optical-diff.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../O.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="optimism.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">optical diff </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> optimism</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>optimism</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../O.html" title="O"/><link rel="previous" href="optical-grep.html" title="optical grep"/><link rel="next" href="Oracle--the.html" title="Oracle, the"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">optimism</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="optical-grep.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">O</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Oracle--the.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="optimism"/><dt xmlns="" id="optimism"><b>optimism</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> What a programmer is full of after fixing the last bug and before
discovering the <span class="emphasis"><em>next</em></span> last bug. Fred Brooks's book
<i class="citetitle">The Mythical Man-Month</i> (See <i class="citetitle">Brooks's
Law</i>) contains the following paragraph that describes this
extremely well:</p><div class="blockquote"><blockquote class="blockquote"><p>
All programmers are optimists. Perhaps this modern sorcery especially
attracts those who believe in happy endings and fairy godmothers. Perhaps the
hundreds of nitty frustrations drive away all but those who habitually focus
on the end goal. Perhaps it is merely that computers are young, programmers
are younger, and the young are always optimists. But however the selection
process works, the result is indisputable: &#8220;<span class="quote">This time it will surely
run,</span>&#8221; or &#8220;<span class="quote">I just found the last bug.</span>&#8221;.
</p></blockquote></div><p>See also
<a href="../L/Lubarskys-Law-of-Cybernetic-Entomology.html"><i class="glossterm">Lubarsky's Law of Cybernetic Entomology</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="optical-grep.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../O.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Oracle--the.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">optical grep </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Oracle, the</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>oriental food</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../O.html" title="O"/><link rel="previous" href="Orange-Book.html" title="Orange Book"/><link rel="next" href="orphan.html" title="orphan"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">oriental food</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Orange-Book.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">O</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="orphan.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="oriental-food"/><dt xmlns="" id="oriental-food"><b>oriental food</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> Hackers display an intense tropism towards oriental cuisine,
especially Chinese, and especially of the spicier varieties such as
Szechuan and Hunan. This phenomenon (which has also been observed in
subcultures that overlap heavily with hackerdom, most notably
science-fiction fandom) has never been satisfactorily explained, but is
sufficiently intense that one can assume the target of a hackish dinner
expedition to be the best local Chinese place and be right at least three
times out of four. See also <a href="../R/ravs.html"><i class="glossterm">ravs</i></a>,
<a href="../G/great-wall.html"><i class="glossterm">great-wall</i></a>,
<a href="../S/stir-fried-random.html"><i class="glossterm">stir-fried random</i></a>, <a href="../L/laser-chicken.html"><i class="glossterm">laser chicken</i></a>,
<a href="../Y/Yu-Shiang-Whole-Fish.html"><i class="glossterm">Yu-Shiang Whole Fish</i></a>. Thai, Indian, Korean,
Burmese, and Vietnamese cuisines are also quite popular.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Orange-Book.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../O.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="orphan.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Orange Book </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> orphan</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>orphan</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../O.html" title="O"/><link rel="previous" href="oriental-food.html" title="oriental food"/><link rel="next" href="orphaned-i-node.html" title="orphaned i-node"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">orphan</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="oriental-food.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">O</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="orphaned-i-node.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="orphan"/><dt xmlns="" id="orphan"><b>orphan</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [Unix] A process whose parent has died; one inherited by
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">init</span>(1)</span>.
Compare <a href="../Z/zombie.html"><i class="glossterm">zombie</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="oriental-food.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../O.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="orphaned-i-node.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">oriental food </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> orphaned i-node</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>orphaned i-node</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../O.html" title="O"/><link rel="previous" href="orphan.html" title="orphan"/><link rel="next" href="orthogonal.html" title="orthogonal"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">orphaned i-node</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="orphan.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">O</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="orthogonal.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="orphaned-i-node"/><dt xmlns="" id="orphaned-i-node"><b>orphaned i-node</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/or´f@nd i:´nohd/</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [Unix]</p></dd><dd><p> 1. [techspeak] A file that retains storage but no longer appears in
the directories of a filesystem. </p></dd><dd><p> 2. By extension, a pejorative for any person no longer serving a
useful function within some organization, esp.
<a href="../L/lion-food.html"><i class="glossterm">lion food</i></a> without subordinates.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="orphan.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../O.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="orthogonal.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">orphan </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> orthogonal</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>orthogonal</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../O.html" title="O"/><link rel="previous" href="orphaned-i-node.html" title="orphaned i-node"/><link rel="next" href="OS.html" title="OS"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">orthogonal</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="orphaned-i-node.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">O</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="OS.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="orthogonal"/><dt xmlns="" id="orthogonal"><b>orthogonal</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">adj.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [from mathematics] Mutually independent; well separated; sometimes,
irrelevant to. Used in a generalization of its mathematical meaning to
describe sets of primitives or capabilities that, like a vector basis in
geometry, span the entire &#8216;capability space&#8217; of the system and
are in some sense non-overlapping or mutually independent. For example, in
architectures such as the <a href="../P/PDP-11.html"><i class="glossterm">PDP-11</i></a> or
<a href="../V/VAX.html"><i class="glossterm">VAX</i></a> where all or nearly all registers can be used
interchangeably in any role with respect to any instruction, the register
set is said to be orthogonal. Or, in logic, the set of operators <span class="firstterm">not</span> and <span class="firstterm">or</span> is orthogonal, but the set <span class="firstterm">nand</span>, <span class="firstterm">or</span>,
and <span class="firstterm">not</span> is not (because any one of
these can be expressed in terms of the others). Also used in comments on
human discourse: &#8220;<span class="quote">This may be orthogonal to the discussion,
but....</span>&#8221;</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="orphaned-i-node.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../O.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="OS.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">orphaned i-node </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> OS</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>out-of-band</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../O.html" title="O"/><link rel="previous" href="OTOH.html" title="OTOH"/><link rel="next" href="overclock.html" title="overclock"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">out-of-band</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="OTOH.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">O</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="overclock.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="out-of-band"/><dt xmlns="" id="out-of-band"><b>out-of-band</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">adj.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [from telecommunications and network theory] </p></dd><dd><p> 1. In software, describes values of a function which are not in its
&#8216;natural&#8217; range of return values, but are rather signals that
some kind of exception has occurred. Many C functions, for example, return
a nonnegative integral value, but indicate failure with an out-of-band
return value of &#8722;1. Compare <a href="../H/hidden-flag.html"><i class="glossterm">hidden flag</i></a>,
<a href="../G/green-bytes.html"><i class="glossterm">green bytes</i></a>, <a href="../F/fence.html"><i class="glossterm">fence</i></a>. </p></dd><dd><p> 2. Also sometimes used to describe what communications people call
<span class="firstterm">shift characters</span>, such as the ESC
that leads control sequences for many terminals, or the level shift
indicators in the old 5-bit Baudot codes. </p></dd><dd><p> 3. In personal communication, using methods other than email, such
as telephones or <a href="../S/snail-mail.html"><i class="glossterm">snail-mail</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="OTOH.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../O.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="overclock.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">OTOH </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> overclock</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>overclock</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../O.html" title="O"/><link rel="previous" href="out-of-band.html" title="out-of-band"/><link rel="next" href="overflow-bit.html" title="overflow bit"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">overclock</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="out-of-band.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">O</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="overflow-bit.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="overclock"/><dt xmlns="" id="overclock"><b>overclock</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/oh´vr·klok´/</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">vt.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> To operate a CPU or other digital logic device at a rate higher than
it was designed for, under the assumption that the manufacturer put some
<a href="../S/slop.html"><i class="glossterm">slop</i></a> into the specification to account for
manufacturing tolerances. Overclocking something can result in intermittent
<a href="../C/crash.html"><i class="glossterm">crash</i></a>es, and can even burn things out, since power
dissipation is directly proportional to <a href="../C/clock.html"><i class="glossterm">clock</i></a>
frequency. People who make a hobby of this are sometimes called
&#8220;<span class="quote">overclockers</span>&#8221;; they are thrilled that they can run their
CPU a few percent faster, even though they can only tell the difference by
running a <a href="../B/benchmark.html"><i class="glossterm">benchmark</i></a> program. See also
<a href="../C/case-mod.html"><i class="glossterm">case mod</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="out-of-band.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../O.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="overflow-bit.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">out-of-band </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> overflow bit</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>overflow bit</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../O.html" title="O"/><link rel="previous" href="overclock.html" title="overclock"/><link rel="next" href="overrun.html" title="overrun"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">overflow bit</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="overclock.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">O</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="overrun.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="overflow-bit"/><dt xmlns="" id="overflow-bit"><b>overflow bit</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> 1. [techspeak] A <a href="../F/flag.html"><i class="glossterm">flag</i></a> on some processors
indicating an attempt to calculate a result too large for a register to
hold. </p></dd><dd><p> 2. More generally, an indication of any kind of capacity overload
condition. &#8220;<span class="quote">Well, the Ada description was
<a href="../B/baroque.html"><i class="glossterm">baroque</i></a> all right, but I could hack it OK until they
got to the exception handling ... that set my overflow bit.</span>&#8221;
</p></dd><dd><p> 3. The hypothetical bit that will be set if a hacker doesn't get to
make a trip to the Room of Porcelain Fixtures: &#8220;<span class="quote">I'd better process an
internal interrupt before the overflow bit gets set.</span>&#8221;</p><div class="mediaobject"><a id="crunchly73-07-24"/><img src="../graphics/73-07-24.png"/><div class="caption"><p>Crunchly and the <a href="overflow-bit.html"><i class="glossterm">overflow bit</i></a>.</p><p>(The next cartoon in the Crunchly saga is
<a href="../B/bug.html#crunchly73-07-29">73-07-29</a>. The previous one is
<a href="../G/glitch.html#crunchly73-06-04">73-06-04</a>.)</p></div></div></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="overclock.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../O.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="overrun.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">overclock </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> overrun</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>overrun screw</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../O.html" title="O"/><link rel="previous" href="overrun.html" title="overrun"/><link rel="next" href="owned.html" title="owned"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">overrun screw</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="overrun.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">O</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="owned.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="overrun-screw"/><dt xmlns="" id="overrun-screw"><b>overrun screw</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [C programming] A variety of <a href="../F/fandango-on-core.html"><i class="glossterm">fandango on core</i></a>
produced by scribbling past the end of an array (C implementations
typically have no checks for this error). This is relatively benign and
easy to spot if the array is static; if it is auto, the result may be to
<a href="../S/smash-the-stack.html"><i class="glossterm">smash the stack</i></a> &#8212; often resulting in
<a href="../H/heisenbug.html"><i class="glossterm">heisenbug</i></a>s of the most diabolical subtlety. The
term <span class="firstterm">overrun screw</span> is used esp. of
scribbles beyond the end of arrays allocated with
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">malloc</span>(3)</span>;
this typically trashes the allocation header for the next block in the
<a href="../A/arena.html"><i class="glossterm">arena</i></a>, producing massive lossage within malloc and
often a core dump on the next operation to use
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">stdio</span>(3)</span>
or
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">malloc</span>(3)</span>
itself. See <a href="../S/spam.html"><i class="glossterm">spam</i></a>, <a href="overrun.html"><i class="glossterm">overrun</i></a>;
see also <a href="../M/memory-leak.html"><i class="glossterm">memory leak</i></a>,
<a href="../M/memory-smash.html"><i class="glossterm">memory smash</i></a>, <a href="../A/aliasing-bug.html"><i class="glossterm">aliasing bug</i></a>,
<a href="../P/precedence-lossage.html"><i class="glossterm">precedence lossage</i></a>,
<a href="../F/fandango-on-core.html"><i class="glossterm">fandango on core</i></a>, <a href="../S/secondary-damage.html"><i class="glossterm">secondary damage</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="overrun.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../O.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="owned.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">overrun </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> owned</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>overrun</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../O.html" title="O"/><link rel="previous" href="overflow-bit.html" title="overflow bit"/><link rel="next" href="overrun-screw.html" title="overrun screw"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">overrun</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="overflow-bit.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">O</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="overrun-screw.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="overrun"/><dt xmlns="" id="overrun"><b>overrun</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> 1. [techspeak] Term for a frequent consequence of data arriving
faster than it can be consumed, esp. in serial line communications. For
example, at 9600 baud there is almost exactly one character per
millisecond, so if a <a href="../S/silo.html"><i class="glossterm">silo</i></a> can hold only two
characters and the machine takes longer than 2 msec to get to service the
interrupt, at least one character will be lost.</p></dd><dd><p> 2. Also applied to non-serial-I/O communications. &#8220;<span class="quote">I forgot
to pay my electric bill due to mail overrun.</span>&#8221; &#8220;<span class="quote">Sorry, I got
four phone calls in 3 minutes last night and lost your message to
overrun.</span>&#8221; When <a href="../T/thrash.html"><i class="glossterm">thrash</i></a>ing at tasks, the next
person to make a request might be told &#8220;<span class="quote">Overrun!</span>&#8221; Compare
<a href="../F/firehose-syndrome.html"><i class="glossterm">firehose syndrome</i></a>.</p></dd><dd><p> 3. More loosely, may refer to a
<a href="../B/buffer-overflow.html"><i class="glossterm">buffer overflow</i></a> not necessarily related to processing time (as in
<a href="overrun-screw.html"><i class="glossterm">overrun screw</i></a>).</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="overflow-bit.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../O.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="overrun-screw.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">overflow bit </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> overrun screw</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>owned</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../O.html" title="O"/><link rel="previous" href="overrun-screw.html" title="overrun screw"/><link rel="next" href="../P.html" title="P"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">owned</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="overrun-screw.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">O</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="../P.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="owned"/><dt xmlns="" id="owned"><b>owned</b></dt></dt><dd><p> 1. [cracker slang; often written &#8220;<span class="quote">0wned</span>&#8221;] Your condition
when your machine has been cracked by a root exploit, and the attacker can
do anything with it. This sense is occasionally used by hackers.</p></dd><dd><p> 2. [gamers, IRC, crackers] To be dominated, controlled, mastered.
For example, if you make a statement completely and utterly false, and
someone else corrects it in a way that humiliates or removes you, you are
said to &#8220;<span class="quote">have been owned</span>&#8221; by that person. When referring to
games, &#8220;<span class="quote">I own0r UT GOTYE</span>&#8221; means that one has mastered Unreal
Tournament, Game of the Year Edition to such a level that even the hardest
AI characters are mere lunchmeat, and that no ordinary mortal player would
even receive a point in competition. There are several spelling variants:
0wned, 0wn0r3d, even pwn0r3d. Hackers do not use this sense.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="overrun-screw.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../O.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="../P.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">overrun screw </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> P</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>-oid</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../O.html" title="O"/><link rel="previous" href="ogg.html" title="ogg"/><link rel="next" href="old-fart.html" title="old fart"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">-oid</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ogg.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">O</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="old-fart.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="suffix-oid"/><dt xmlns="" id="suffix-oid"><b>-oid</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">suff.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [from Greek suffix -oid = <span class="firstterm">in the image
of</span>] </p></dd><dd><p> 1. Used as in mainstream slang English to indicate a poor imitation,
a counterfeit, or some otherwise slightly bogus resemblance. Hackers will
happily use it with all sorts of non-Greco/Latin stem words that wouldn't
keep company with it in mainstream English. For example, &#8220;<span class="quote">He's a
nerdoid</span>&#8221; means that he superficially resembles a nerd but can't make
the grade; a <span class="firstterm">modemoid</span> might be a
300-baud box (Real Modems run at 28.8 or up); a <span class="firstterm">computeroid</span> might be any
<a href="../B/bitty-box.html"><i class="glossterm">bitty box</i></a>. The word <span class="firstterm">keyboid</span>
could be used to describe a <a href="../C/chiclet-keyboard.html"><i class="glossterm">chiclet keyboard</i></a>, but
would have to be written; spoken, it would confuse the listener as to the
speaker's city of origin. </p></dd><dd><p> 2. More specifically, an indicator for &#8216;resembling an
android&#8217; which in the past has been confined to science-fiction fans
and hackers. It too has recently (in 1991) started to go mainstream (most
notably in the term &#8216;trendoid&#8217; for victims of terminal
hipness). This is probably traceable to the popularization of the term
<a href="../D/droid.html"><i class="glossterm">droid</i></a> in <i class="citetitle">Star Wars</i> and its
sequels. (See also <a href="../W/windoid.html"><i class="glossterm">windoid</i></a>.)</p></dd><dd><p>Coinages in both forms have been common in science fiction for at
least fifty years, and hackers (who are often SF fans) have probably been
making <i class="wordasword">&#8216;-oid</i>&#8217; jargon for almost that
long [though GLS and I can personally confirm only that they were already
common in the mid-1970s &#8212;ESR].</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ogg.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../O.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="old-fart.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">ogg </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> old fart</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>OP</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../O.html" title="O"/><link rel="previous" href="ooblick.html" title="ooblick"/><link rel="next" href="op.html" title="op"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">OP</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ooblick.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">O</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="op.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="thread-OP"/><dt xmlns="" id="thread-OP"><b>OP</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">//</span></dt></dt><dd><p>[Usenet; common] Abbreviation for &#8220;<span class="quote">original poster</span>&#8221;, the
originator of a particular thread.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ooblick.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../O.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="op.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">ooblick </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> op</td></tr></table></div></body></html>