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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>CDA</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="cd-tilde.html" title="cd tilde"/><link rel="next" href="cdr.html" title="cdr"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">CDA</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="cd-tilde.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="cdr.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="CDA"/><dt xmlns="" id="CDA"><b>CDA</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/C·D·A/</span></dt></dt><dd><p> The &#8220;<span class="quote">Communications Decency Act</span>&#8221;, passed as section 502
of a major telecommunications reform bill on February 8th, 1996
(&#8220;<span class="quote">Black Thursday</span>&#8221;). The CDA made it a federal crime in the USA
to send a communication which is &#8220;<span class="quote">obscene, lewd, lascivious, filthy,
or indecent, with intent to annoy, abuse, threaten, or harass another
person.</span>&#8221; It also threatened with imprisonment anyone who
&#8220;<span class="quote">knowingly</span>&#8221; makes accessible to minors any message that
&#8220;<span class="quote">describes, in terms patently offensive as measured by contemporary
community standards, sexual or excretory activities or
organs</span>&#8221;.</p><p>While the CDA was sold as a measure to protect minors from the
putative evils of pornography, the repressive political aims of the bill
were laid bare by the Hyde amendment, which intended to outlaw discussion
of abortion on the Internet.</p><p>To say that this direct attack on First Amendment free-speech rights
was not well received on the Internet would be putting it mildly. A
firestorm of protest followed, including a February 29th 1996 mass
demonstration by thousands of netters who turned their <a href="../H/home-page.html"><i class="glossterm">home
page</i></a>s black for 48 hours. Several civil-rights groups and
computing/telecommunications companies mounted a constitutional challenge.
The CDA was demolished by a strongly-worded decision handed down in
8th-circuit Federal court and subsequently affirmed by the U.S. Supreme
Court on 26 June 1997 (&#8220;<span class="quote">White Thursday</span>&#8221;). See also
<a href="../E/Exon.html"><i class="glossterm">Exon</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="cd-tilde.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="cdr.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">cd tilde </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> cdr</td></tr></table></div></body></html>