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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>C Programmer's Disease</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="C.html" title="C"/><link rel="next" href="C-ampersand-C.html" title="C&amp;C"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">C Programmer's Disease</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="C.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="C-ampersand-C.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="C-Programmers-Disease"/><dt xmlns="" id="C-Programmers-Disease"><b>C Programmer's Disease</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> The tendency of the undisciplined C programmer to set arbitrary but
supposedly generous static limits on table sizes (defined, if you're lucky,
by constants in header files) rather than taking the trouble to do proper
dynamic storage allocation. If an application user later needs to put 68
elements into a table of size 50, the afflicted programmer reasons that he
or she can easily reset the table size to 68 (or even as much as 70, to
allow for future expansion) and recompile. This gives the programmer the
comfortable feeling of having made the effort to satisfy the user's
(unreasonable) demands, and often affords the user multiple opportunities
to explore the marvelous consequences of
<a href="../F/fandango-on-core.html"><i class="glossterm">fandango on core</i></a>. In severe cases of the disease, the programmer cannot
comprehend why each fix of this kind seems only to further disgruntle the
user.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="C.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="C-ampersand-C.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">C </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> C&amp;C</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>C&amp;C</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="C-Programmers-Disease.html" title="C Programmer's Disease"/><link rel="next" href="C-plus-plus.html" title="C++"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">C&amp;C</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="C-Programmers-Disease.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="C-plus-plus.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="C-ampersand-C"/><dt xmlns="" id="C-ampersand-C"><b>C&amp;C</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">//</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [common, esp. on <tt class="systemitem">news.admin.net-abuse.email</tt>] Contraction of
&#8220;<span class="quote">Coffee &amp; Cats</span>&#8221;. This frequently occurs as a warning
label on USENET posts that are likely to cause you to
<a href="../S/snarf.html"><i class="glossterm">snarf</i></a> coffee onto your keyboard and startle the cat
off your lap.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="C-Programmers-Disease.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="C-plus-plus.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">C Programmer's Disease </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> C++</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>C++</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="C-ampersand-C.html" title="C&amp;C"/><link rel="next" href="calculator.html" title="calculator"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">C++</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="C-ampersand-C.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="calculator.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="C-plus-plus"/><dt xmlns="" id="C-plus-plus"><b>C++</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/C'·pluhs·pluhs/</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> Designed by Bjarne Stroustrup of AT&amp;T Bell Labs as a successor
to <a href="C.html"><i class="glossterm">C</i></a>. Now one of the <a href="../L/languages-of-choice.html"><i class="glossterm">languages of
choice</i></a>, although many hackers still grumble that it is the
successor to either Algol 68 or Ada (depending on generation), and a prime
example of <a href="../S/second-system-effect.html"><i class="glossterm">second-system effect</i></a>. Almost anything
that can be done in any language can be done in C++, but it requires a
<a href="../L/language-lawyer.html"><i class="glossterm">language lawyer</i></a> to know what is and what is not
legal &#8212; the design is <span class="emphasis"><em>almost</em></span> too large to hold
in even hackers' heads. Much of the <a href="cruft.html"><i class="glossterm">cruft</i></a> results
from C++'s attempt to be backward compatible with C. Stroustrup himself
has said in his retrospective book <i class="citetitle">The Design and Evolution of
C++</i> (p. 207), &#8220;<span class="quote">Within C++, there is a much smaller and
cleaner language struggling to get out.</span>&#8221; [Many hackers would now add
&#8220;<span class="quote">Yes, and it's called <a href="../J/Java.html"><i class="glossterm">Java</i></a></span>&#8221;
&#8212;ESR]</p><div class="mediaobject"><a id="PLI"/><img src="../graphics/fortran.png"/><div class="caption"><p>Nowadays we say this of C++.</p></div></div></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="C-ampersand-C.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="calculator.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">C&amp;C </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> calculator</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>C</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="next" href="C-Programmers-Disease.html" title="C Programmer's Disease"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">C</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="../C.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="C-Programmers-Disease.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="C"/><dt xmlns="" id="C"><b>C</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> 1. The third letter of the English alphabet. </p></dd><dd><p> 2. ASCII 1000011. </p></dd><dd><p> 3. The name of a programming language designed by Dennis Ritchie
during the early 1970s and immediately used to reimplement
<a href="../U/Unix.html"><i class="glossterm">Unix</i></a>; so called because many features derived from
an earlier compiler named &#8216;B&#8217; in commemoration of
<span class="emphasis"><em>its</em></span> parent, BCPL. (BCPL was in turn descended from an
earlier Algol-derived language, CPL.) Before Bjarne Stroustrup settled the
question by designing <a href="C-plus-plus.html"><i class="glossterm">C++</i></a>, there was a humorous
debate over whether C's successor should be named &#8216;D&#8217; or
&#8216;P&#8217;. C became immensely popular outside Bell Labs after about
1980 and is now the dominant language in systems and microcomputer
applications programming. C is often described, with a mixture of fondness
and disdain varying according to the speaker, as &#8220;<span class="quote">a language that
combines all the elegance and power of assembly language with all the
readability and maintainability of assembly language</span>&#8221; See also
<a href="../L/languages-of-choice.html"><i class="glossterm">languages of choice</i></a>, <a href="../I/indent-style.html"><i class="glossterm">indent
style</i></a>.</p><div class="mediaobject"><img src="../graphics/ansi-c.png"/><div class="caption"><p>The Crunchly on the left sounds a little ANSI.</p></div></div></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="../C.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="C-Programmers-Disease.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">C </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> C Programmer's Disease</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>CDA</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="cd-tilde.html" title="cd tilde"/><link rel="next" href="cdr.html" title="cdr"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">CDA</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="cd-tilde.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="cdr.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="CDA"/><dt xmlns="" id="CDA"><b>CDA</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/C·D·A/</span></dt></dt><dd><p> The &#8220;<span class="quote">Communications Decency Act</span>&#8221;, passed as section 502
of a major telecommunications reform bill on February 8th, 1996
(&#8220;<span class="quote">Black Thursday</span>&#8221;). The CDA made it a federal crime in the USA
to send a communication which is &#8220;<span class="quote">obscene, lewd, lascivious, filthy,
or indecent, with intent to annoy, abuse, threaten, or harass another
person.</span>&#8221; It also threatened with imprisonment anyone who
&#8220;<span class="quote">knowingly</span>&#8221; makes accessible to minors any message that
&#8220;<span class="quote">describes, in terms patently offensive as measured by contemporary
community standards, sexual or excretory activities or
organs</span>&#8221;.</p><p>While the CDA was sold as a measure to protect minors from the
putative evils of pornography, the repressive political aims of the bill
were laid bare by the Hyde amendment, which intended to outlaw discussion
of abortion on the Internet.</p><p>To say that this direct attack on First Amendment free-speech rights
was not well received on the Internet would be putting it mildly. A
firestorm of protest followed, including a February 29th 1996 mass
demonstration by thousands of netters who turned their <a href="../H/home-page.html"><i class="glossterm">home
page</i></a>s black for 48 hours. Several civil-rights groups and
computing/telecommunications companies mounted a constitutional challenge.
The CDA was demolished by a strongly-worded decision handed down in
8th-circuit Federal court and subsequently affirmed by the U.S. Supreme
Court on 26 June 1997 (&#8220;<span class="quote">White Thursday</span>&#8221;). See also
<a href="../E/Exon.html"><i class="glossterm">Exon</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="cd-tilde.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="cdr.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">cd tilde </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> cdr</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>CHOP</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="chomper.html" title="chomper"/><link rel="next" href="Christmas-tree.html" title="Christmas tree"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">CHOP</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="chomper.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Christmas-tree.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="CHOP"/><dt xmlns="" id="CHOP"><b>CHOP</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/chop/</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [IRC] See <a href="channel-op.html"><i class="glossterm">channel op</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="chomper.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Christmas-tree.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">chomper </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Christmas tree</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>CI$</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="Church-of-the-SubGenius.html" title="Church of the SubGenius"/><link rel="next" href="Cinderella-Book.html" title="Cinderella Book"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">CI$</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Church-of-the-SubGenius.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Cinderella-Book.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="CIS"/><dt xmlns="" id="CIS"><b>CI$</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">//</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> Hackerism for &#8216;CIS&#8217;, CompuServe Information Service.
The dollar sign refers to CompuServe's rather steep line charges. Often
used in <a href="../S/sig-block.html"><i class="glossterm">sig block</i></a>s just before a CompuServe address.
Syn. <a href="CompuServe.html"><i class="glossterm">Compu$erve</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Church-of-the-SubGenius.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Cinderella-Book.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Church of the SubGenius </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Cinderella Book</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>CLM</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="click-of-death.html" title="click of death"/><link rel="next" href="clobber.html" title="clobber"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">CLM</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="click-of-death.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="clobber.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="CLM"/><dt xmlns="" id="CLM"><b>CLM</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/C·L·M/</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [Sun: &#8216;Career Limiting Move&#8217;] </p></dd><dd><p> 1. <span class="grammar">n.</span> An action endangering
one's future prospects of getting plum projects and raises, and possibly
one's job: &#8220;<span class="quote">His Halloween costume was a parody of his manager. He
won the prize for &#8216;best CLM&#8217;.</span>&#8221; </p></dd><dd><p> 2. adj. Denotes extreme severity of a bug, discovered by a customer
and obviously missed earlier because of poor testing: &#8220;<span class="quote">That's a CLM
bug!</span>&#8221;</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="click-of-death.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="clobber.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">click of death </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> clobber</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>C|N&gt;K</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="cypherpunk.html" title="cypherpunk"/><link rel="next" href="../D.html" title="D"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">C|N&gt;K</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="cypherpunk.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="../D.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="CNK"/><dt xmlns="" id="CNK"><b>C|N&gt;K</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [Usenet] Coffee through Nose to Keyboard; that is, &#8220;<span class="quote">I laughed
so hard I <a href="../S/snarf.html"><i class="glossterm">snarf</i></a>ed my coffee onto my
keyboard.</span>&#8221;. Common on <tt class="systemitem">alt.fan.pratchett</tt> and <a href="../S/scary-devil-monastery.html"><i class="glossterm">scary devil
monastery</i></a>; recognized elsewhere. The <a href="http://www.lspace.org/faqs/acronym-faq.g.html" target="_top"> Acronymphomania
FAQ</a> on <tt class="systemitem">alt.fan.pratchett</tt>
recognizes variants such as T|N&gt;K = &#8216;Tea through Nose to
Keyboard&#8217; and C|N&gt;S = &#8216;Coffee through Nose to
Screen&#8217;.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="cypherpunk.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="../D.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">cypherpunk </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> D</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>COBOL fingers</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="COBOL.html" title="COBOL"/><link rel="next" href="cobweb-site.html" title="cobweb site"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">COBOL fingers</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="COBOL.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="cobweb-site.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="COBOL-fingers"/><dt xmlns="" id="COBOL-fingers"><b>COBOL fingers</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/koh´bol fing´grz/</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> Reported from Sweden, a (hypothetical) disease one might get from
coding in COBOL. The language requires code verbose beyond all reason (see
<a href="candygrammar.html"><i class="glossterm">candygrammar</i></a>); thus it is alleged that programming
too much in COBOL causes one's fingers to wear down to stubs by the endless
typing. &#8220;<span class="quote">I refuse to type in all that source code again; it would
give me COBOL fingers!</span>&#8221;</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="COBOL.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="cobweb-site.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">COBOL </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> cobweb site</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>COBOL</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="coaster-toaster.html" title="coaster toaster"/><link rel="next" href="COBOL-fingers.html" title="COBOL fingers"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">COBOL</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="coaster-toaster.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="COBOL-fingers.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="COBOL"/><dt xmlns="" id="COBOL"><b>COBOL</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/koh´bol/</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [COmmon Business-Oriented Language] (Synonymous with
<a href="../E/evil.html"><i class="glossterm">evil</i></a>.) A weak, verbose, and flabby language used by
<a href="code-grinder.html"><i class="glossterm">code grinder</i></a>s to do boring mindless things on
<a href="../D/dinosaur.html"><i class="glossterm">dinosaur</i></a> mainframes. Hackers believe that all COBOL
programmers are <a href="../S/suit.html"><i class="glossterm">suit</i></a>s or
<a href="code-grinder.html"><i class="glossterm">code grinder</i></a>s, and no self-respecting hacker will ever admit to
having learned the language. Its very name is seldom uttered without
ritual expressions of disgust or horror. One popular one is Edsger W.
Dijkstra's famous observation that &#8220;<span class="quote">The use of COBOL cripples the
mind; its teaching should, therefore, be regarded as a criminal
offense.</span>&#8221; (from <i class="citetitle">Selected Writings on Computing: A
Personal Perspective</i>) See also
<a href="../F/fear-and-loathing.html"><i class="glossterm">fear and loathing</i></a>, <a href="../S/software-rot.html"><i class="glossterm">software rot</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="coaster-toaster.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="COBOL-fingers.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">coaster toaster </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> COBOL fingers</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>COME FROM</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="cold-boot.html" title="cold boot"/><link rel="next" href="comm-mode.html" title="comm mode"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">COME FROM</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="cold-boot.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="comm-mode.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="COME-FROM"/><dt xmlns="" id="COME-FROM"><b>COME FROM</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> A semi-mythical language construct dual to the &#8216;go to&#8217;;
<b class="command">COME FROM</b> &lt;label&gt; would cause the
referenced label to act as a sort of trapdoor, so that if the program ever
reached it control would quietly and <a href="../A/automagically.html"><i class="glossterm">automagically</i></a>
be transferred to the statement following the <b class="command">COME
FROM</b>. <b class="command">COME FROM</b> was first
proposed in R. Lawrence Clark's <i class="citetitle">A Linguistic Contribution to
GOTO-less programming</i>, which appeared in a 1973
<a href="../D/Datamation.html"><i class="glossterm">Datamation</i></a> issue (and was reprinted in the April
1984 issue of <i class="citetitle">Communications of the ACM</i>). This
parodied the then-raging &#8216;structured programming&#8217;
<a href="../H/holy-wars.html"><i class="glossterm">holy wars</i></a> (see <a href="considered-harmful.html"><i class="glossterm">considered
harmful</i></a>). Mythically, some variants are the <span class="firstterm">assigned COME FROM</span> and the <span class="firstterm">computed COME FROM</span> (parodying some nasty
control constructs in FORTRAN and some extended BASICs). Of course,
multi-tasking (or non-determinism) could be implemented by having more than
one <b class="command">COME FROM</b> statement coming from the
same label.</p><p>In some ways the FORTRAN <b class="command">DO</b> looks
like a <b class="command">COME FROM</b> statement. After the
terminating statement number/<b class="command">CONTINUE</b> is
reached, control continues at the statement following the DO. Some
generous FORTRANs would allow arbitrary statements (other than <b class="command">CONTINUE</b>) for the statement, leading to examples
like:</p><table border="0" bgcolor="#E0E0E0"><tr><td><pre class="programlisting">
DO 10 I=1,LIMIT
C imagine many lines of code here, leaving the
C original DO statement lost in the spaghetti...
WRITE(6,10) I,FROB(I)
10 FORMAT(1X,I5,G10.4)
</pre></td></tr></table><p>in which the trapdoor is just after the statement labeled 10. (This
is particularly surprising because the label doesn't appear to have
anything to do with the flow of control at all!) While sufficiently
astonishing to the unsuspecting reader, this form of <b class="command">COME FROM</b> statement isn't completely general. After
all, control will eventually pass to the following statement. The
implementation of the general form was left to Univac FORTRAN, ca. 1975
(though a roughly similar feature existed on the IBM 7040 ten years
earlier). The statement <b class="command">AT 100</b> would
perform a <b class="command">COME FROM 100</b>. It was intended
strictly as a debugging aid, with dire consequences promised to anyone so
deranged as to use it in production code. More horrible things had already
been perpetrated in production languages, however; doubters need only
contemplate the <b class="command">ALTER</b> verb in
<a href="COBOL.html"><i class="glossterm">COBOL</i></a>. <b class="command">COME FROM</b>
was supported under its own name for the first time 15 years later, in
C-INTERCAL (see <a href="../I/INTERCAL.html"><i class="glossterm">INTERCAL</i></a>,
<a href="../R/retrocomputing.html"><i class="glossterm">retrocomputing</i></a>); knowledgeable observers are still
reeling from the shock.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="cold-boot.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="comm-mode.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">cold boot </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> comm mode</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>CP/M</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="cowboy.html" title="cowboy"/><link rel="next" href="CPU-Wars.html" title="CPU Wars"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">CP/M</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="cowboy.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="CPU-Wars.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="CP-M"/><dt xmlns="" id="CP-M"><b>CP/M</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/C·P·M/</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [Control Program/Monitor; later <a href="../R/retcon.html"><i class="glossterm">retcon</i></a>ned to
Control Program for Microcomputers] An early microcomputer
<a href="../O/OS.html"><i class="glossterm">OS</i></a> written by hacker Gary Kildall for 8080- and
Z80-based machines, very popular in the late 1970s but virtually wiped out
by MS-DOS after the release of the IBM PC in 1981. Legend has it that
Kildall's company blew its chance to write the OS for the IBM PC because
Kildall decided to spend a day IBM's reps wanted to meet with him enjoying
the perfect flying weather in his private plane (another variant has it
that Gary's wife was much more interested in packing her suitcases for an
upcoming vacation than in clinching a deal with IBM). Many of CP/M's
features and conventions strongly resemble those of early
<a href="../D/DEC.html"><i class="glossterm">DEC</i></a> operating systems such as
<a href="../T/TOPS-10.html"><i class="glossterm">TOPS-10</i></a>, OS/8, RSTS, and RSX-11. See
<a href="../M/MS-DOS.html"><i class="glossterm">MS-DOS</i></a>,
<a href="../O/operating-system.html"><i class="glossterm">operating system</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="cowboy.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="CPU-Wars.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">cowboy </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> CPU Wars</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>CPU Wars</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="CP-M.html" title="CP/M"/><link rel="next" href="crack.html" title="crack"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">CPU Wars</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="CP-M.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="crack.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="CPU-Wars"/><dt xmlns="" id="CPU-Wars"><b>CPU Wars</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/C·P·U worz/</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> A 1979 large-format comic by Chas Andres chronicling the attempts of
the brainwashed androids of IPM (Impossible to Program Machines) to conquer
and destroy the peaceful denizens of HEC (Human Engineered Computers).
This rather transparent allegory featured many references to
<a href="../A/ADVENT.html"><i class="glossterm">ADVENT</i></a> and the immortal line &#8220;<span class="quote">Eat flaming
death, minicomputer mongrels!</span>&#8221; (uttered, of course, by an IPM
stormtrooper). The whole shebang is now <a href="http://www.e-pix.com/CPUWARS/cpuwars.html" target="_top"> available on the
Web</a>.</p><p>It is alleged that the author subsequently received a letter of
appreciation on IBM company stationery from the head of IBM's Thomas
J. Watson Research Laboratories (at that time one of the few islands of
true hackerdom in the IBM archipelago). The lower loop of the B in the IBM
logo, it is said, had been carefully whited out. See
<a href="../E/eat-flaming-death.html"><i class="glossterm">eat flaming death</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="CP-M.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="crack.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">CP/M </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> crack</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>CRC handbook</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="crawling-horror.html" title="crawling horror"/><link rel="next" href="creationism.html" title="creationism"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">CRC handbook</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="crawling-horror.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="creationism.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="CRC-handbook"/><dt xmlns="" id="CRC-handbook"><b>CRC handbook</b></dt></dt><dd><p>Any of the editions of the <i class="citetitle">Chemical Rubber Company
Handbook of Chemistry and Physics</i>; there are other CRC
handbooks, such as the <i class="citetitle">CRC Standard Mathematical Tables and
Formulae</i>, but &#8220;<span class="quote">the</span>&#8221; CRC handbook is the chemistry
and physics reference. It is massive tome full of mathematical tables,
physical constants of thousands of alloys and chemical compounds,
dielectric strengths, vapor pressure, resistivity, and the like. Hackers
have remarkably little actual use for these sorts of arcana, but are such
information junkies that a large percentage of them acquire copies anyway
and would feel vaguely bereft if they couldn't look up the magnetic
susceptibility of potassium permanganate at a moment's notice. On hackers'
bookshelves, the CRC handbook is rather likely to keep company with an
unabridged Oxford English Dictionary and a good atlas.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="crawling-horror.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="creationism.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">crawling horror </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> creationism</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>CTSS</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="cthulhic.html" title="cthulhic"/><link rel="next" href="cube.html" title="cube"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">CTSS</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="cthulhic.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="cube.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="CTSS"/><dt xmlns="" id="CTSS"><b>CTSS</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/C·T·S·S/</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> Compatible Time-Sharing System. An early (1963) experiment in the
design of interactive timesharing operating systems, ancestral to
<a href="../M/Multics.html"><i class="glossterm">Multics</i></a>, <a href="../U/Unix.html"><i class="glossterm">Unix</i></a>, and
<a href="../I/ITS.html"><i class="glossterm">ITS</i></a>. The name <a href="../I/ITS.html"><i class="glossterm">ITS</i></a>
(Incompatible Time-sharing System) was a hack on CTSS, meant both as a joke
and to express some basic differences in philosophy about the way I/O
services should be presented to user programs. See
<a href="../T/timesharing.html"><i class="glossterm">timesharing</i></a></p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="cthulhic.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="cube.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">cthulhic </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> cube</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>Camel Book</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="calculator.html" title="calculator"/><link rel="next" href="camelCase.html" title="camelCase"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Camel Book</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="calculator.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="camelCase.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="Camel-Book"/><dt xmlns="" id="Camel-Book"><b>Camel Book</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> Universally recognized nickname for the book <i class="citetitle">Programming
Perl</i>, by Larry Wall and Randal L. Schwartz, O'Reilly and
Associates 1991, ISBN 0-937175-64-1 (second edition 1996, ISBN
1-56592-149-6; third edition 2000, 0-596-00027-8, adding as authors Tom
Christiansen and Jon Orwant but dropping Randal Schwartz). The definitive
reference on <a href="../P/Perl.html"><i class="glossterm">Perl</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="calculator.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="camelCase.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">calculator </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> camelCase</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>Cancelmoose[tm]</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="cancelbot.html" title="cancelbot"/><link rel="next" href="candygrammar.html" title="candygrammar"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Cancelmoose[tm]</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="cancelbot.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="candygrammar.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="Cancelmoose"/><dt xmlns="" id="Cancelmoose"><b>Cancelmoose[tm]</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/kan´sel·moos/</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [Usenet] The archetype and model of all good
<a href="../S/spam.html"><i class="glossterm">spam</i></a>-fighters. Once upon a time, the 'Moose would
send out spam-cancels and then post notice anonymously to <tt class="systemitem">news.admin.policy</tt>, <tt class="systemitem">news.admin.misc</tt>, and <tt class="systemitem">alt.current-events.net-abuse</tt>. The 'Moose
stepped to the fore on its own initiative, at a time (mid-1994) when
spam-cancels were irregular and disorganized, and behaved altogether
admirably &#8212; fair, even-handed, and quick to respond to comments and
criticism, all without self-aggrandizement or martyrdom. Cancelmoose[tm]
quickly gained near-unanimous support from the readership of all three
above-mentioned groups.</p><p>Nobody knows who Cancelmoose[tm] really is, and there aren't even any
good rumors. However, the 'Moose now has an e-mail address
(<tt class="email">&lt;<a href="mailto:moose@cm.org">moose@cm.org</a>&gt;</tt>) and a web site (<a href="http://www.cm.org/" target="_top">http://www.cm.org/</a>.) By early 1995,
others had stepped into the spam-cancel business, and appeared to be
comporting themselves well, after the 'Moose's manner. The 'Moose has now
gotten out of the business, and is more interested in ending spam (and
cancels) entirely.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="cancelbot.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="candygrammar.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">cancelbot </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> candygrammar</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>Chernobyl chicken</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="chemist.html" title="chemist"/><link rel="next" href="Chernobyl-packet.html" title="Chernobyl packet"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chernobyl chicken</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="chemist.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Chernobyl-packet.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="Chernobyl-chicken"/><dt xmlns="" id="Chernobyl-chicken"><b>Chernobyl chicken</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> See <a href="../L/laser-chicken.html"><i class="glossterm">laser chicken</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="chemist.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Chernobyl-packet.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">chemist </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Chernobyl packet</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>Chernobyl packet</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="Chernobyl-chicken.html" title="Chernobyl chicken"/><link rel="next" href="chicken-head.html" title="chicken head"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chernobyl packet</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Chernobyl-chicken.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="chicken-head.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="Chernobyl-packet"/><dt xmlns="" id="Chernobyl-packet"><b>Chernobyl packet</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/cher·noh´b@l pak'@t/</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> A network packet that induces a
<a href="../B/broadcast-storm.html"><i class="glossterm">broadcast storm</i></a> and/or <a href="../N/network-meltdown.html"><i class="glossterm">network meltdown</i></a>, in memory
of the April 1986 nuclear accident at Chernobyl in Ukraine. The typical
scenario involves an IP Ethernet datagram that passes through a gateway
with both source and destination Ether and IP address set as the respective
broadcast addresses for the subnetworks being gated between. Compare
<a href="Christmas-tree-packet.html"><i class="glossterm">Christmas tree packet</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Chernobyl-chicken.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="chicken-head.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Chernobyl chicken </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> chicken head</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>Chinese Army technique</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="chiclet-keyboard.html" title="chiclet keyboard"/><link rel="next" href="choad.html" title="choad"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chinese Army technique</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="chiclet-keyboard.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="choad.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="Chinese-Army-technique"/><dt xmlns="" id="Chinese-Army-technique"><b>Chinese Army technique</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> Syn. <a href="../M/Mongolian-Hordes-technique.html"><i class="glossterm">Mongolian Hordes technique</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="chiclet-keyboard.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="choad.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">chiclet keyboard </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> choad</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>Christmas tree packet</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="Christmas-tree.html" title="Christmas tree"/><link rel="next" href="chrome.html" title="chrome"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Christmas tree packet</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Christmas-tree.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="chrome.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="Christmas-tree-packet"/><dt xmlns="" id="Christmas-tree-packet"><b>Christmas tree packet</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> A packet with every single option set for whatever protocol is in
use. See <a href="../K/kamikaze-packet.html"><i class="glossterm">kamikaze packet</i></a>,
<a href="Chernobyl-packet.html"><i class="glossterm">Chernobyl packet</i></a>. (The term doubtless derives from a fanciful image of
each little option bit being represented by a different-colored light bulb,
all turned on.) Compare <a href="../G/Godzillagram.html"><i class="glossterm">Godzillagram</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Christmas-tree.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="chrome.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Christmas tree </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> chrome</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>Christmas tree</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="CHOP.html" title="CHOP"/><link rel="next" href="Christmas-tree-packet.html" title="Christmas tree packet"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Christmas tree</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="CHOP.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Christmas-tree-packet.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="Christmas-tree"/><dt xmlns="" id="Christmas-tree"><b>Christmas tree</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> A kind of RS-232 line tester or breakout box featuring rows of
blinking red and green LEDs suggestive of Christmas lights.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="CHOP.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Christmas-tree-packet.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">CHOP </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Christmas tree packet</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>Church of the SubGenius</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="chug.html" title="chug"/><link rel="next" href="CIS.html" title="CI$"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Church of the SubGenius</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="chug.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="CIS.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="Church-of-the-SubGenius"/><dt xmlns="" id="Church-of-the-SubGenius"><b>Church of the SubGenius</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> A mutant offshoot of <a href="../D/Discordianism.html"><i class="glossterm">Discordianism</i></a> launched
in 1981 as a spoof of fundamentalist Christianity by the
&#8216;Reverend&#8217; Ivan Stang, a brilliant satirist with a gift for
promotion. Popular among hackers as a rich source of bizarre imagery and
references such as &#8220;<span class="quote">Bob</span>&#8221; the divine drilling-equipment
salesman, the Benevolent Space Xists, and the Stark Fist of Removal. Much
SubGenius theory is concerned with the acquisition of the mystical
substance or quality of <a href="../S/slack.html"><i class="glossterm">slack</i></a>. There is a home page
at <a href="http://www.subgenius.com/" target="_top">http://www.subgenius.com/</a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="chug.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="CIS.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">chug </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> CI$</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>Cinderella Book</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="CIS.html" title="CI$"/><link rel="next" href="Classic-C.html" title="Classic C"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Cinderella Book</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="CIS.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Classic-C.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="Cinderella-Book"/><dt xmlns="" id="Cinderella-Book"><b>Cinderella Book</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [CMU] <i class="citetitle">Introduction to Automata Theory, Languages, and
Computation</i>, by John Hopcroft and Jeffrey Ullman,
(Addison-Wesley, 1979). So called because the cover depicts a girl
(putatively Cinderella) sitting in front of a Rube Goldberg device and
holding a rope coming out of it. On the back cover, the device is in
shambles after she has (inevitably) pulled on the rope. See also
<a href="../B/book-titles.html"><i class="glossterm">book titles</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="CIS.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Classic-C.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">CI$ </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Classic C</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>Classic C</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="Cinderella-Book.html" title="Cinderella Book"/><link rel="next" href="clean.html" title="clean"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Classic C</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Cinderella-Book.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="clean.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="Classic-C"/><dt xmlns="" id="Classic-C"><b>Classic C</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/klas´ik C/</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [a play on &#8216;Coke Classic&#8217;] The C programming language as
defined in the first edition of <a href="../K/K-ampersand-R.html"><i class="glossterm">K&amp;R</i></a>, with some small additions. It
is also known as &#8216;K&amp;R C&#8217;. The name came into use while C
was being standardized by the ANSI X3J11 committee. Also &#8216;C
Classic&#8217;.</p><p>An analogous construction is sometimes applied elsewhere: thus,
&#8216;X Classic&#8217;, where X = Star Trek (referring to the original TV
series) or X = PC (referring to IBM's ISA-bus machines as opposed to the
PS/2 series). This construction is especially used of product series in
which the newer versions are considered serious losers relative to the
older ones.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Cinderella-Book.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="clean.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Cinderella Book </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> clean</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>Code of the Geeks</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="code-monkey.html" title="code monkey"/><link rel="next" href="code-police.html" title="code police"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Code of the Geeks</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="code-monkey.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="code-police.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="Code-of-the-Geeks"/><dt xmlns="" id="Code-of-the-Geeks"><b>Code of the Geeks</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> see <a href="../G/geek-code.html"><i class="glossterm">geek code</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="code-monkey.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="code-police.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">code monkey </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> code police</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>Commonwealth Hackish</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="comment-out.html" title="comment out"/><link rel="next" href="compact.html" title="compact"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Commonwealth Hackish</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="comment-out.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="compact.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="Commonwealth-Hackish"/><dt xmlns="" id="Commonwealth-Hackish"><b>Commonwealth Hackish</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> Hacker jargon as spoken in English outside the U.S., esp. in the
British Commonwealth. It is reported that Commonwealth speakers are more
likely to pronounce truncations like &#8216;char&#8217; and
&#8216;soc&#8217;, etc., as spelled (<span class="pronunciation">/char/</span>, <span class="pronunciation">/sok/</span>), as opposed to American <span class="pronunciation">/keir/</span> and <span class="pronunciation">/sohsh/</span>. Dots in
<a href="../N/newsgroup.html"><i class="glossterm">newsgroup</i></a> names (especially two-component names)
tend to be pronounced more often (so soc.wibble is <span class="pronunciation">/sok dot wib´l/</span> rather than <span class="pronunciation">/sohsh wib´l/</span>).</p><p>Preferred <a href="../M/metasyntactic-variable.html"><i class="glossterm">metasyntactic variable</i></a>s include
<a href="../B/blurgle.html"><i class="glossterm">blurgle</i></a>, <b class="command">eek</b>,
<b class="command">ook</b>, <b class="command">frodo</b>,
and <b class="command">bilbo</b>; <a href="../W/wibble.html"><i class="glossterm">wibble</i></a>,
<b class="command">wobble</b>, and in emergencies <b class="command">wubble</b>; <b class="command">flob</b>,
<b class="command">banana</b>, <b class="command">tom</b>, <b class="command">dick</b>, <b class="command">harry</b>, <b class="command">wombat</b>,
<b class="command">frog</b>, <a href="../F/fish.html"><i class="glossterm">fish</i></a>,
<a href="../W/womble.html"><i class="glossterm">womble</i></a> and so on and on (see
<a href="../F/foo.html"><i class="glossterm">foo</i></a>, sense 4). Alternatives to verb doubling
include suffixes <span class="firstterm">-o-rama</span>, <span class="firstterm">frenzy</span> (as in feeding frenzy), and <span class="firstterm">city</span> (examples: &#8220;<span class="quote">barf city!</span>&#8221;
&#8220;<span class="quote">hack-o-rama!</span>&#8221; &#8220;<span class="quote">core dump frenzy!</span>&#8221;).</p><p>All the generic differences within the anglophone world inevitably
show themselves in the associated hackish dialects. The Greek letters beta
and zeta are usually pronounced <span class="pronunciation">/bee´t@/</span> and <span class="pronunciation">/zee´t@/</span>; meta may also be
pronounced <span class="pronunciation">/mee´t@/</span>.
Various punctuators (and even letters - Z is called &#8216;zed&#8217;, not
&#8216;zee&#8217;) are named differently: most crucially, for hackish,
where Americans use &#8216;parens&#8217;, &#8216;brackets&#8217; and
`braces' for (), [] and {}, Commonwealth English uses
&#8216;brackets&#8217;, &#8216;square brackets&#8217; and &#8216;curly
brackets&#8217;, though &#8216;parentheses&#8217; may be used for the
first; the exclamation mark, &#8216;!&#8217;, is called pling rather than
bang and the pound sign, &#8216;#&#8217;, is called hash; furthermore, the
term &#8216;the pound sign&#8217; is understood to mean the £ (of
course). Canadian hacker slang, as with mainstream language, mixes
American and British usages about evenly.</p><p>See also <a href="../A/attoparsec.html"><i class="glossterm">attoparsec</i></a>,
<a href="calculator.html"><i class="glossterm">calculator</i></a>, <a href="chemist.html"><i class="glossterm">chemist</i></a>,
<a href="console-jockey.html"><i class="glossterm">console jockey</i></a>, <a href="../F/fish.html"><i class="glossterm">fish</i></a>,
<a href="../G/go-faster-stripes.html"><i class="glossterm">go-faster stripes</i></a>, <a href="../G/grunge.html"><i class="glossterm">grunge</i></a>,
<a href="../H/hakspek.html"><i class="glossterm">hakspek</i></a>, <a href="../H/heavy-metal.html"><i class="glossterm">heavy metal</i></a>,
<a href="../L/leaky-heap.html"><i class="glossterm">leaky heap</i></a>, <a href="../L/lord-high-fixer.html"><i class="glossterm">lord high fixer</i></a>,
<a href="../L/loose-bytes.html"><i class="glossterm">loose bytes</i></a>, <a href="../M/muddie.html"><i class="glossterm">muddie</i></a>,
<a href="../N/nadger.html"><i class="glossterm">nadger</i></a>, <a href="../N/noddy.html"><i class="glossterm">noddy</i></a>,
<a href="../P/psychedelicware.html"><i class="glossterm">psychedelicware</i></a>,
<a href="../R/raster-blaster.html"><i class="glossterm">raster blaster</i></a>, <a href="../R/RTBM.html"><i class="glossterm">RTBM</i></a>,
<a href="../S/seggie.html"><i class="glossterm">seggie</i></a>, <a href="../S/spod.html"><i class="glossterm">spod</i></a>,
<a href="../S/sun-lounge.html"><i class="glossterm">sun lounge</i></a>, <a href="../T/terminal-junkie.html"><i class="glossterm">terminal junkie</i></a>,
<a href="../T/tick-list-features.html"><i class="glossterm">tick-list features</i></a>, <a href="../W/weeble.html"><i class="glossterm">weeble</i></a>,
<a href="../W/weasel.html"><i class="glossterm">weasel</i></a>, <a href="../Y/YABA.html"><i class="glossterm">YABA</i></a>, and notes or
definitions under <a href="../B/Bad-Thing.html"><i class="glossterm">Bad Thing</i></a>,
<a href="../B/barf.html"><i class="glossterm">barf</i></a>, <a href="../B/bogus.html"><i class="glossterm">bogus</i></a>,
<a href="chase-pointers.html"><i class="glossterm">chase pointers</i></a>, <a href="cosmic-rays.html"><i class="glossterm">cosmic rays</i></a>,
<a href="crippleware.html"><i class="glossterm">crippleware</i></a>, <a href="crunch.html"><i class="glossterm">crunch</i></a>,
<a href="../D/dodgy.html"><i class="glossterm">dodgy</i></a>, <a href="../G/gonk.html"><i class="glossterm">gonk</i></a>,
<a href="../H/hamster.html"><i class="glossterm">hamster</i></a>, <a href="../H/hardwarily.html"><i class="glossterm">hardwarily</i></a>,
<a href="../M/mess-dos.html"><i class="glossterm">mess-dos</i></a>, <a href="../N/nybble.html"><i class="glossterm">nybble</i></a>,
<a href="../P/proglet.html"><i class="glossterm">proglet</i></a>, <a href="../R/root.html"><i class="glossterm">root</i></a>,
<a href="../S/SEX.html"><i class="glossterm">SEX</i></a>, <a href="../T/tweak.html"><i class="glossterm">tweak</i></a>,
<a href="../W/womble.html"><i class="glossterm">womble</i></a>, and <a href="../X/xyzzy.html"><i class="glossterm">xyzzy</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="comment-out.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="compact.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">comment out </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> compact</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>Compu$erve</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="compress.html" title="compress"/><link rel="next" href="computer-confetti.html" title="computer confetti"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Compu$erve</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="compress.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="computer-confetti.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="CompuServe"/><dt xmlns="" id="CompuServe"><b>Compu$erve</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> See <a href="CIS.html"><i class="glossterm">CI$</i></a>. Synonyms CompuSpend and Compu$pend
are also reported.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="compress.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="computer-confetti.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">compress </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> computer confetti</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>Conway's Law</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="control-S.html" title="control-S"/><link rel="next" href="cookbook.html" title="cookbook"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Conway's Law</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="control-S.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="cookbook.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="Conways-Law"/><dt xmlns="" id="Conways-Law"><b>Conway's Law</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">prov.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> The rule that the organization of the software and the organization
of the software team will be congruent; commonly stated as &#8220;<span class="quote">If you
have four groups working on a compiler, you'll get a 4-pass
compiler</span>&#8221;. The original statement was more general,
&#8220;<span class="quote">Organizations which design systems are constrained to produce
designs which are copies of the communication structures of these
organizations.</span>&#8221; This first appeared in the April 1968 issue of
<a href="../D/Datamation.html"><i class="glossterm">Datamation</i></a>. Compare
<a href="../S/SNAFU-principle.html"><i class="glossterm">SNAFU principle</i></a>.</p></dd><dd><p>The law was named after Melvin Conway, an early proto-hacker who
wrote an assembler for the Burroughs 220 called SAVE. (The name
&#8216;SAVE&#8217; didn't stand for anything; it was just that you lost
fewer card decks and listings because they all had SAVE written on them.)
There is also Tom Cheatham's amendment of Conway's Law: &#8220;<span class="quote">If a group
of N persons implements a COBOL compiler, there will be N-1 passes.
Someone in the group has to be the manager.</span>&#8221;</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="control-S.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="cookbook.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">control-S </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> cookbook</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>Core Wars</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="core-leak.html" title="core leak"/><link rel="next" href="cosmic-rays.html" title="cosmic rays"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Core Wars</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="core-leak.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="cosmic-rays.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="Core-Wars"/><dt xmlns="" id="Core-Wars"><b>Core Wars</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> A game between <span class="firstterm">assembler</span>
programs in a machine or machine simulator, where the objective is to kill
your opponent's program by overwriting it. Popularized in the 1980s by
A. K. Dewdney's column in <i class="citetitle">Scientific American</i>
magazine, but described in <i class="citetitle">Software Practice And
Experience</i> a decade earlier. The game was actually devised and
played by Victor Vyssotsky, Robert Morris Sr., and Doug McIlroy in the
early 1960s (Dennis Ritchie is sometimes incorrectly cited as a co-author,
but was not involved). Their original game was called &#8216;Darwin&#8217;
and ran on a IBM 7090 at Bell Labs. See <a href="core.html"><i class="glossterm">core</i></a>. For
information on the modern game, do a web search for the
&#8216;rec.games.corewar FAQ&#8217; or surf to the <a href="http://www.koth.org/" target="_top"> King Of The Hill</a> site.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="core-leak.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="cosmic-rays.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">core leak </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> cosmic rays</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>CrApTeX</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="crapplet.html" title="crapplet"/><link rel="next" href="crash.html" title="crash"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">CrApTeX</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="crapplet.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="crash.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="CrApTeX"/><dt xmlns="" id="CrApTeX"><b>CrApTeX</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/krap´tekh/</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [University of York, England] Term of abuse used to describe TeX and
LaTeX when they don't work (when used by TeXhackers), or all the time (by
everyone else). The non-TeX-enthusiasts generally dislike it because it is
more verbose than other formatters (e.g. <a href="../T/troff.html"><i class="glossterm">troff</i></a>) and
because (particularly if the standard Computer Modern fonts are used) it
generates vast output files. See <a href="../R/religious-issues.html"><i class="glossterm">religious issues</i></a>,
<a href="../T/TeX.html"><i class="glossterm">TeX</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="crapplet.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="crash.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">crapplet </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> crash</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>calculator</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="C-plus-plus.html" title="C++"/><link rel="next" href="Camel-Book.html" title="Camel Book"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">calculator</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="C-plus-plus.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Camel-Book.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="calculator"/><dt xmlns="" id="calculator"><b>calculator</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> Syn. for <a href="../B/bitty-box.html"><i class="glossterm">bitty box</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="C-plus-plus.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Camel-Book.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">C++ </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Camel Book</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>camelCase</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="Camel-Book.html" title="Camel Book"/><link rel="next" href="camelCasing.html" title="camelCasing"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">camelCase</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Camel-Book.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="camelCasing.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="camelCase"/><dt xmlns="" id="camelCase"><b>camelCase</b></dt></dt><dd><p>A variable in a programming language is sait to be camelCased when
all words but the first are capitalized. This practice contrasts with the
C tradition of either running syllables together or marking syllable breaks
with underscores; thus, where a C programmer would write
<span class="symbol">thisverylongname</span> or <span class="symbol">this_very_long_name</span>,
the camelCased version would be <span class="symbol">thisVeryLongName</span>. This
practice is common in certain language communities (formerly Pascal; today
Java and Visual Basic) and tends to be associated with object-oriented
programming.</p><p>Compare <a href="../B/BiCapitalization.html"><i class="glossterm">BiCapitalization</i></a>; but where that
practice is primarily associated with marketing, camelCasing is not aimed
at impressing anybody, and hackers consider it respectable.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Camel-Book.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="camelCasing.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Camel Book </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> camelCasing</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>camelCasing</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="camelCase.html" title="camelCase"/><link rel="next" href="can-t-happen.html" title="can't happen"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">camelCasing</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="camelCase.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="can-t-happen.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="camelCasing"/><dt xmlns="" id="camelCasing"><b>camelCasing</b></dt></dt><dd><p>See <a href="../P/PascalCasing.html"><i class="glossterm">PascalCasing</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="camelCase.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="can-t-happen.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">camelCase </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> can't happen</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>can't happen</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="camelCasing.html" title="camelCasing"/><link rel="next" href="cancelbot.html" title="cancelbot"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">can't happen</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="camelCasing.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="cancelbot.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="can-t-happen"/><dt xmlns="" id="can-t-happen"><b>can't happen</b></dt></dt><dd><p> The traditional program comment for code executed under a condition
that should never be true, for example a file size computed as negative.
Often, such a condition being true indicates data corruption or a faulty
algorithm; it is almost always handled by emitting a fatal error message
and terminating or crashing, since there is little else that can be done.
Some case variant of &#8220;<span class="quote">can't happen</span>&#8221; is also often the text
emitted if the &#8216;impossible&#8217; error actually happens! Although
&#8220;<span class="quote">can't happen</span>&#8221; events are genuinely infrequent in production
code, programmers wise enough to check for them habitually are often
surprised at how frequently they are triggered during development and how
many headaches checking for them turns out to head off. See also
<a href="../F/firewall-code.html"><i class="glossterm">firewall code</i></a> (sense 2).</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="camelCasing.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="cancelbot.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">camelCasing </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> cancelbot</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>cancelbot</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="can-t-happen.html" title="can't happen"/><link rel="next" href="Cancelmoose.html" title="Cancelmoose[tm]"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">cancelbot</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="can-t-happen.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Cancelmoose.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="cancelbot"/><dt xmlns="" id="cancelbot"><b>cancelbot</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/kan´sel·bot/</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [Usenet: compound, cancel + robot] </p></dd><dd><p> 1. Mythically, a <a href="../R/robocanceller.html"><i class="glossterm">robocanceller</i></a> </p></dd><dd><p> 2. In reality, most cancelbots are manually operated by being fed
lists of spam message IDs.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="can-t-happen.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Cancelmoose.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">can't happen </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Cancelmoose[tm]</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>candygrammar</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="Cancelmoose.html" title="Cancelmoose[tm]"/><link rel="next" href="canonical.html" title="canonical"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">candygrammar</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Cancelmoose.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="canonical.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="candygrammar"/><dt xmlns="" id="candygrammar"><b>candygrammar</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> A programming-language grammar that is mostly <a href="../S/syntactic-sugar.html"><i class="glossterm">syntactic
sugar</i></a>; the term is also a play on &#8216;candygram&#8217;.
<a href="COBOL.html"><i class="glossterm">COBOL</i></a>, Apple's Hypertalk language, and a lot of the
so-called &#8216;4GL&#8217; database languages share this property. The
usual intent of such designs is that they be as English-like as possible,
on the theory that they will then be easier for unskilled people to
program. This intention comes to grief on the reality that syntax isn't
what makes programming hard; it's the mental effort and organization
required to specify an algorithm precisely that costs. Thus the invariable
result is that &#8216;candygrammar&#8217; languages are just as difficult
to program in as terser ones, and far more painful for the experienced
hacker.</p><p>[The overtones from the old Chevy Chase skit on Saturday Night Live
should not be overlooked. This was a <i class="citetitle">Jaws</i> parody.
Someone lurking outside an apartment door tries all kinds of bogus ways to
get the occupant to open up, while ominous music plays in the background.
The last attempt is a half-hearted &#8220;<span class="quote">Candygram!</span>&#8221; When the door
is opened, a shark bursts in and chomps the poor occupant. [There is a
similar gag in &#8220;<span class="quote">Blazing Saddles</span>&#8221; &#8212;ESR] There is a moral
here for those attracted to candygrammars. Note that, in many circles,
pretty much the same ones who remember Monty Python sketches, all it takes
is the word &#8220;<span class="quote">Candygram!</span>&#8221;, suitably timed, to get people
rolling on the floor. &#8212; GLS]</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Cancelmoose.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="canonical.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Cancelmoose[tm] </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> canonical</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>canonical</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="candygrammar.html" title="candygrammar"/><link rel="next" href="careware.html" title="careware"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">canonical</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="candygrammar.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="careware.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="canonical"/><dt xmlns="" id="canonical"><b>canonical</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">adj.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [very common; historically, &#8216;according to religious
law&#8217;] The usual or standard state or manner of something. This word
has a somewhat more technical meaning in mathematics. Two formulas such as
<tt class="literal">9 + x</tt> and <tt class="literal">x +
9</tt> are said to be equivalent because they mean the same
thing, but the second one is in <span class="firstterm">canonical
form</span> because it is written in the usual way, with the highest
power of <tt class="literal">x</tt> first. Usually there are fixed
rules you can use to decide whether something is in canonical form. The
jargon meaning, a relaxation of the technical meaning, acquired its present
loading in computer-science culture largely through its prominence in
Alonzo Church's work in computation theory and mathematical logic (see
<a href="../K/Knights-of-the-Lambda-Calculus.html"><i class="glossterm">Knights of the Lambda Calculus</i></a>). Compare
<a href="../V/vanilla.html"><i class="glossterm">vanilla</i></a>.</p><p>Non-technical academics do not use the adjective
&#8216;canonical&#8217; in any of the senses defined above with any
regularity; they do however use the nouns <span class="firstterm">canon</span> and <span class="firstterm">canonicity</span> (not **canonicalness or
**canonicality). The <span class="firstterm">canon</span> of a given
author is the complete body of authentic works by that author (this usage
is familiar to Sherlock Holmes fans as well as to literary scholars).
&#8216;<span class="emphasis"><em>The</em></span> canon&#8217; is the body of works in a
given field (e.g., works of literature, or of art, or of music) deemed
worthwhile for students to study and for scholars to investigate.</p><p>The word &#8216;canon&#8217; has an interesting history. It derives
ultimately from the Greek
<span class="foreignphrase"><i class="foreignphrase">&#954;&#945;&#957;&#959;&#957;</i></span> (akin to the
English &#8216;cane&#8217;) referring to a reed. Reeds were used for
measurement, and in Latin and later Greek the word &#8216;canon&#8217;
meant a rule or a standard. The establishment of a canon of scriptures
within Christianity was meant to define a standard or a rule for the
religion. The above non-techspeak academic usages stem from this instance
of a defined and accepted body of work. Alongside this usage was the
promulgation of &#8216;canons&#8217; (&#8216;rules&#8217;) for the
government of the Catholic Church. The techspeak usages (&#8220;<span class="quote">according
to religious law</span>&#8221;) derive from this use of the Latin
&#8216;canon&#8217;.</p><p>Hackers invest this term with a playfulness that makes an ironic
contrast with its historical meaning. A true story: One Bob Sjoberg, new
at the MIT AI Lab, expressed some annoyance at the incessant use of jargon.
Over his loud objections, GLS and RMS made a point of using as much of it
as possible in his presence, and eventually it began to sink in. Finally,
in one conversation, he used the word <span class="firstterm">canonical</span> in jargon-like fashion without
thinking. Steele: &#8220;<span class="quote">Aha! We've finally got you talking jargon
too!</span>&#8221; Stallman: &#8220;<span class="quote">What did he say?</span>&#8221; Steele: &#8220;<span class="quote">Bob
just used &#8216;canonical&#8217; in the canonical way.</span>&#8221;</p><p>Of course, canonicality depends on context, but it is implicitly
defined as the way <span class="emphasis"><em>hackers</em></span> normally expect things to
be. Thus, a hacker may claim with a straight face that &#8216;according to
religious law&#8217; is <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> the canonical meaning of
<span class="firstterm">canonical</span>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="candygrammar.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="careware.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">candygrammar </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> careware</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>careware</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="canonical.html" title="canonical"/><link rel="next" href="cargo-cult-programming.html" title="cargo cult programming"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">careware</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="canonical.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="cargo-cult-programming.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="careware"/><dt xmlns="" id="careware"><b>careware</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/keir´weir/</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> A variety of <a href="../S/shareware.html"><i class="glossterm">shareware</i></a> for which either the
author suggests that some payment be made to a nominated charity or a levy
directed to charity is included on top of the distribution charge. Syn.:
<a href="charityware.html"><i class="glossterm">charityware</i></a>; compare
<a href="crippleware.html"><i class="glossterm">crippleware</i></a>, sense 2.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="canonical.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="cargo-cult-programming.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">canonical </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> cargo cult programming</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>cargo cult programming</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="careware.html" title="careware"/><link rel="next" href="cascade.html" title="cascade"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">cargo cult programming</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="careware.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="cascade.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="cargo-cult-programming"/><dt xmlns="" id="cargo-cult-programming"><b>cargo cult programming</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> A style of (incompetent) programming dominated by ritual inclusion
of code or program structures that serve no real purpose. A cargo cult
programmer will usually explain the extra code as a way of working around
some bug encountered in the past, but usually neither the bug nor the
reason the code apparently avoided the bug was ever fully understood
(compare <a href="../S/shotgun-debugging.html"><i class="glossterm">shotgun debugging</i></a>,
<a href="../V/voodoo-programming.html"><i class="glossterm">voodoo programming</i></a>).</p></dd><dd><p>The term &#8216;cargo cult&#8217; is a reference to aboriginal
religions that grew up in the South Pacific after World War II. The
practices of these cults center on building elaborate mockups of airplanes
and military style landing strips in the hope of bringing the return of the
god-like airplanes that brought such marvelous cargo during the war.
Hackish usage probably derives from Richard Feynman's characterization of
certain practices as &#8220;<span class="quote">cargo cult science</span>&#8221; in his book
<i class="citetitle">Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman!</i> (W. W. Norton
&amp; Co, New York 1985, ISBN 0-393-01921-7).</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="careware.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="cascade.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">careware </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> cascade</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>cascade</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="cargo-cult-programming.html" title="cargo cult programming"/><link rel="next" href="case-and-paste.html" title="case and paste"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">cascade</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="cargo-cult-programming.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="case-and-paste.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="cascade"/><dt xmlns="" id="cascade"><b>cascade</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> 1. A huge volume of spurious error-message output produced by a
compiler with poor error recovery. Too frequently, one trivial syntax
error (such as a missing &#8216;)&#8217; or &#8216;}&#8217;) throws the
parser out of synch so that much of the remaining program text is
interpreted as garbaged or ill-formed. </p></dd><dd><p> 2. A chain of Usenet followups, each adding some trivial variation
or riposte to the text of the previous one, all of which is reproduced in
the new message; an <a href="../I/include-war.html"><i class="glossterm">include war</i></a> in which the object
is to create a sort of communal graffito.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="cargo-cult-programming.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="case-and-paste.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">cargo cult programming </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> case and paste</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>case and paste</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="cascade.html" title="cascade"/><link rel="next" href="case-mod.html" title="case mod"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">case and paste</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="cascade.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="case-mod.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="case-and-paste"/><dt xmlns="" id="case-and-paste"><b>case and paste</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [from &#8216;cut and paste&#8217;] </p></dd><dd><p> The addition of a new <a href="../F/feature.html"><i class="glossterm">feature</i></a> to an existing
system by selecting the code from an existing feature and pasting it in
with minor changes. Common in telephony circles because most operations in
a telephone switch are selected using <b class="command">case</b>
statements. Leads to <a href="../S/software-bloat.html"><i class="glossterm">software bloat</i></a>.</p><p>In some circles of EMACS users this is called &#8216;programming by
Meta-W&#8217;, because Meta-W is the EMACS command for copying a block of
text to a kill buffer in preparation to pasting it in elsewhere. The term
is condescending, implying that the programmer is acting mindlessly rather
than thinking carefully about what is required to integrate the code for
two similar cases.</p><p>At <a href="../D/DEC.html"><i class="glossterm">DEC</i></a> (now HP), this is sometimes called
<span class="firstterm">clone-and-hack</span> coding.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="cascade.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="case-mod.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">cascade </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> case mod</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>case mod</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="case-and-paste.html" title="case and paste"/><link rel="next" href="casters-up-mode.html" title="casters-up mode"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">case mod</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="case-and-paste.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="casters-up-mode.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="case-mod"/><dt xmlns="" id="case-mod"><b>case mod</b></dt></dt><dd><p>[from &#8216;case modification&#8217;]</p></dd><dd><p> 1. Originally a kind of hardware hack on a PC intended to support
<a href="../O/overclock.html"><i class="glossterm">overclocking</i></a> (e.g. with cutouts
for oversized fans, or a freon-based or water-cooling system).</p></dd><dd><p> 2. Nowadays, similar drastic surgery that's done just to make a
machine look nifty. The commonest case mods combine acrylic case windows
with LEDs to give the machine an eerie interior glow like a B-movie flying
saucer. More advanced forms of case modding involve building machines into
weird and unlikely shapes. The effect can be quite artistic, but one of
the unwritten rules is that the machine must continue to function as
a computer.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="case-and-paste.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="casters-up-mode.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">case and paste </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> casters-up mode</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>casters-up mode</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="case-mod.html" title="case mod"/><link rel="next" href="casting-the-runes.html" title="casting the runes"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">casters-up mode</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="case-mod.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="casting-the-runes.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="casters-up-mode"/><dt xmlns="" id="casters-up-mode"><b>casters-up mode</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [IBM, prob. fr. slang <span class="firstterm">belly
up</span>] Yet another synonym for &#8216;broken&#8217; or
&#8216;down&#8217;. Usually connotes a major failure. A system (hardware
or software) which is <span class="firstterm">down</span> may be
already being restarted before the failure is noticed, whereas one which is
<span class="firstterm">casters up</span> is usually a good excuse
to take the rest of the day off (as long as you're not responsible for
fixing it).</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="case-mod.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="casting-the-runes.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">case mod </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> casting the runes</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>casting the runes</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="casters-up-mode.html" title="casters-up mode"/><link rel="next" href="cat.html" title="cat"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">casting the runes</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="casters-up-mode.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="cat.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="casting-the-runes"/><dt xmlns="" id="casting-the-runes"><b>casting the runes</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> What a <a href="../G/guru.html"><i class="glossterm">guru</i></a> does when you ask him or her to
run a particular program and type at it because it never works for anyone
else; esp. used when nobody can ever see what the guru is doing different
from what J. Random Luser does. Compare
<a href="../I/incantation.html"><i class="glossterm">incantation</i></a>, <a href="../R/runes.html"><i class="glossterm">runes</i></a>,
<a href="../E/examining-the-entrails.html"><i class="glossterm">examining the entrails</i></a>; also see the AI koan about
Tom Knight in <a href="../koans.html" title="Some AI Koans">Some AI Koans</a> (in Appendix
A).</p></dd><dd><p>A correspondent from England tells us that one of ICL's most talented
systems designers used to be called out occasionally to service machines
which the <a href="../F/field-circus.html"><i class="glossterm">field circus</i></a> had given up on. Since he
knew the design inside out, he could often find faults simply by listening
to a quick outline of the symptoms. He used to play on this by going to
some site where the field circus had just spent the last two weeks solid
trying to find a fault, and spreading a diagram of the system out on a
table top. He'd then shake some chicken bones and cast them over the
diagram, peer at the bones intently for a minute, and then tell them that a
certain module needed replacing. The system would start working again
immediately upon the replacement.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="casters-up-mode.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="cat.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">casters-up mode </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> cat</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>cat</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="casting-the-runes.html" title="casting the runes"/><link rel="next" href="catatonic.html" title="catatonic"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">cat</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="casting-the-runes.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="catatonic.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="cat"/><dt xmlns="" id="cat"><b>cat</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">vt.</span></dt></dt><dd><p>[from <span class="firstterm">catenate</span> via
<a href="../U/Unix.html"><i class="glossterm">Unix</i></a>
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">cat</span>(1)</span>]</p></dd><dd><p> 1. [techspeak] To spew an entire file to the screen or some other
output sink without pause (syn. <a href="../B/blast.html"><i class="glossterm">blast</i></a>). </p></dd><dd><p> 2. By extension, to dump large amounts of data at an unprepared
target or with no intention of browsing it carefully. Usage: considered
silly. Rare outside Unix sites. See also <a href="../D/dd.html"><i class="glossterm">dd</i></a>,
<a href="../B/BLT.html"><i class="glossterm">BLT</i></a>.</p></dd><dd><p>Among Unix fans,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">cat</span>(1)</span>
is considered an excellent example of user-interface design, because it
delivers the file contents without such verbosity as spacing or headers
between the files, and because it does not require the files to consist of
lines of text, but works with any sort of data.</p><p>Among Unix haters,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">cat</span>(1)</span>
is considered the <a href="canonical.html"><i class="glossterm">canonical</i></a> example of
<span class="emphasis"><em>bad</em></span> user-interface design, because of its woefully
unobvious name. It is far more often used to <a href="../B/blast.html"><i class="glossterm">blast</i></a>
a file to standard output than to concatenate two files. The name <b class="command">cat</b> for the former operation is just as unintuitive
as, say, LISP's <a href="cdr.html"><i class="glossterm">cdr</i></a>.</p><p>Of such oppositions are <a href="../H/holy-wars.html"><i class="glossterm">holy wars</i></a>
made.... See also <a href="../U/UUOC.html"><i class="glossterm">UUOC</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="casting-the-runes.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="catatonic.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">casting the runes </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> catatonic</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>catatonic</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="cat.html" title="cat"/><link rel="next" href="cathedral.html" title="cathedral"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">catatonic</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="cat.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="cathedral.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="catatonic"/><dt xmlns="" id="catatonic"><b>catatonic</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">adj.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> Describes a condition of suspended animation in which something is
so <a href="../W/wedged.html"><i class="glossterm">wedged</i></a> or <a href="../H/hung.html"><i class="glossterm">hung</i></a> that it
makes no response. If you are typing on a terminal and suddenly the
computer doesn't even echo the letters back to the screen as you type, let
alone do what you're asking it to do, then the computer is suffering from
catatonia (possibly because it has crashed). &#8220;<span class="quote">There I was in the
middle of a winning game of <a href="../N/nethack.html"><i class="glossterm">nethack</i></a> and it went
catatonic on me! Aaargh!</span>&#8221; Compare
<a href="../B/buzz.html"><i class="glossterm">buzz</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="cat.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="cathedral.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">cat </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> cathedral</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>cathedral</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="catatonic.html" title="catatonic"/><link rel="next" href="cd-tilde.html" title="cd tilde"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">cathedral</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="catatonic.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="cd-tilde.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="cathedral"/><dt xmlns="" id="cathedral"><b>cathedral</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.,adj.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [see <a href="../B/bazaar.html"><i class="glossterm">bazaar</i></a> for derivation] The
&#8216;classical&#8217; mode of software engineering long thought to be
necessarily implied by <a href="../B/Brookss-Law.html"><i class="glossterm">Brooks's Law</i></a>. Features small
teams, tight project control, and long release intervals. This term came
into use after analysis of the Linux experience suggested there might be
something wrong (or at least incomplete) in the classical
assumptions.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="catatonic.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="cd-tilde.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">catatonic </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> cd tilde</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>cd tilde</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="cathedral.html" title="cathedral"/><link rel="next" href="CDA.html" title="CDA"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">cd tilde</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="cathedral.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="CDA.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="cd-tilde"/><dt xmlns="" id="cd-tilde"><b>cd tilde</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/C·D til·d@/</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">vi.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> To go home. From the Unix C-shell and Korn-shell command <b class="command">cd ~</b>, which takes one to one's <b class="command">$HOME</b> (<b class="command">cd</b> with no
arguments happens to do the same thing). By extension, may be used with
other arguments; thus, over an electronic chat link, <b class="command">cd ~coffee</b> would mean &#8220;<span class="quote">I'm going to the coffee
machine.</span>&#8221;</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="cathedral.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="CDA.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">cathedral </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> CDA</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>cdr</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="CDA.html" title="CDA"/><link rel="next" href="chad.html" title="chad"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">cdr</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="CDA.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="chad.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="cdr"/><dt xmlns="" id="cdr"><b>cdr</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/ku´dr/</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/kuh´dr/</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">vt.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [from LISP] To skip past the first item from a list of things
(generalized from the LISP operation on binary tree structures, which
returns a list consisting of all but the first element of its argument).
In the form <span class="firstterm">cdr down</span>, to trace down a
list of elements: &#8220;<span class="quote">Shall we cdr down the agenda?</span>&#8221; Usage:
silly. See also <a href="../L/loop-through.html"><i class="glossterm">loop through</i></a>.</p></dd><dd><p>Historical note: The instruction format of the IBM 704 that hosted
the original LISP implementation featured two 15-bit fields called the
<span class="firstterm">address</span> and <span class="firstterm">decrement</span> parts. The term <span class="firstterm">cdr</span> was originally <span class="firstterm">Contents of Decrement part of Register</span>.
Similarly, <span class="firstterm">car</span> stood for <span class="firstterm">Contents of Address part of Register</span>.</p><p>The cdr and car operations have since become bases for formation of
compound metaphors in non-LISP contexts. GLS recalls, for example, a
programming project in which strings were represented as linked lists; the
get-character and skip-character operations were of course called CHAR and
CHDR.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="CDA.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="chad.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">CDA </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> chad</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>chad box</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="chad.html" title="chad"/><link rel="next" href="chain.html" title="chain"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">chad box</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="chad.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="chain.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="chad-box"/><dt xmlns="" id="chad-box"><b>chad box</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> A metal box about the size of a lunchbox (or in some models a large
wastebasket), for collecting the <a href="chad.html"><i class="glossterm">chad</i></a> (sense 2) that
accumulated in <a href="../I/Iron-Age.html"><i class="glossterm">Iron Age</i></a> card punches. You had to
open the covers of the card punch periodically and empty the chad box. The
<a href="../B/bit-bucket.html"><i class="glossterm">bit bucket</i></a> was notionally the equivalent device in
the CPU enclosure, which was typically across the room in another great
gray-and-blue box.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="chad.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="chain.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">chad </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> chain</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>chad</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="cdr.html" title="cdr"/><link rel="next" href="chad-box.html" title="chad box"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">chad</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="cdr.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="chad-box.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="chad"/><dt xmlns="" id="chad"><b>chad</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/chad/</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> 1. [common] The perforated edge strips on printer paper, after they
have been separated from the printed portion. Also called
<a href="../S/selvage.html"><i class="glossterm">selvage</i></a>, <a href="../P/perf.html"><i class="glossterm">perf</i></a>, and
<a href="../R/ripoff.html"><i class="glossterm">ripoff</i></a>.</p></dd><dd><p> 2. The confetti-like paper bits punched out of cards or paper tape;
this has also been called <span class="firstterm">chaff</span>,
<span class="firstterm">computer confetti</span>, and <span class="firstterm">keypunch droppings</span>. It's reported that this
was very old Army slang (associated with teletypewriters before the
computer era), and has been occasionally sighted in directions for
punched-card vote tabulators long after it passed out of live use among
computer programmers in the late 1970s. This sense of &#8216;chad&#8217;
returned to the mainstream during the finale of the hotly disputed
U.S. presidential election in 2000 via stories about the Florida vote
recounts. Note however that in the revived mainstream usage chad is not a
mass noun and &#8216;a chad&#8217; is a single piece of the stuff.</p></dd><dd><p>There is an urban legend that <span class="firstterm">chad</span> (sense 2) derives from the Chadless
keypunch (named for its inventor), which cut little u-shaped tabs in the
card to make a hole when the tab folded back, rather than punching out a
circle/rectangle; it was clear that if the Chadless keypunch didn't make
them, then the stuff that other keypunches made had to be
&#8216;chad&#8217;. However, serious attempts to track down
&#8220;<span class="quote">Chadless</span>&#8221; as a personal name or U.S. trademark have failed,
casting doubt on this etymology &#8212; and the U.S. Patent Classification
System uses &#8220;<span class="quote">chadless</span>&#8221; (small c) as an adjective, suggesting
that &#8220;<span class="quote">chadless</span>&#8221; derives from &#8220;<span class="quote">chad</span>&#8221; and not the
other way around. There is another legend that the word was originally
acronymic, standing for &#8220;<span class="quote">Card Hole Aggregate Debris</span>&#8221;, but this
has all the earmarks of a <a href="../B/backronym.html"><i class="glossterm">backronym</i></a>. It has also
been noted that the word &#8220;<span class="quote">chad</span>&#8221; is Scots dialect for gravel,
but nobody has proposed any plausible reason that card chaff should be
thought of as gravel. None of these etymologies is really
plausible.</p><div class="mediaobject"><a id="crunchly74-12-31"/><img src="../graphics/74-12-31.png"/><div class="caption"><p>This is <span class="emphasis"><em>one</em></span> way to be
<a href="chad.html"><i class="glossterm">chad</i></a>less.</p><p>(The next cartoon in the Crunchly saga is
<a href="../B/bit-bucket.html#crunchly75-10-04">75-10-04</a>. The previous
cartoon was <a href="../W/winged-comments.html#crunchly74-12-29">74-12-29</a>.)</p></div></div></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="cdr.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="chad-box.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">cdr </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> chad box</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>chain</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="chad-box.html" title="chad box"/><link rel="next" href="chainik.html" title="chainik"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">chain</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="chad-box.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="chainik.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="chain"/><dt xmlns="" id="chain"><b>chain</b></dt></dt><dd><p> 1. <span class="grammar">vi.</span> [orig. from BASIC's
<b class="command">CHAIN</b> statement] To hand off execution to a
child or successor without going through the <a href="../O/OS.html"><i class="glossterm">OS</i></a>
command interpreter that invoked it. The state of the parent program is
lost and there is no returning to it. Though this facility used to be
common on memory-limited micros and is still widely supported for backward
compatibility, the jargon usage is semi-obsolescent; in particular, most
Unix programmers will think of this as an <a href="../E/exec.html"><i class="glossterm">exec</i></a>.
Oppose the more modern <span class="firstterm">subshell</span>.
</p></dd><dd><p> 2. <span class="grammar">n.</span> A series of linked data
areas within an operating system or application. <span class="firstterm">Chain rattling</span> is the process of repeatedly
running through the linked data areas searching for one which is of
interest to the executing program. The implication is that there is a very
large number of links on the chain.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="chad-box.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="chainik.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">chad box </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> chainik</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>chainik</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="chain.html" title="chain"/><link rel="next" href="channel.html" title="channel"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">chainik</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="chain.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="channel.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="chainik"/><dt xmlns="" id="chainik"><b>chainik</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/chi:´nik/</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [Russian, literally &#8220;<span class="quote">teapot</span>&#8221;] Almost synonymous with
<a href="../M/muggle.html"><i class="glossterm">muggle</i></a>. Implies both ignorance and a certain amount
of willingness to learn, but does not necessarily imply as little
experience or short exposure time as <a href="../N/newbie.html"><i class="glossterm">newbie</i></a> and is
not as derogatory as <a href="../L/luser.html"><i class="glossterm">luser</i></a>. Both a novice user and
someone using a system for a long time without any understanding of the
internals can be referred to as chainiks. Very widespread term in Russian
hackish, often used in an English context by Russian-speaking hackers
esp. in Israel (e.g. &#8220;<span class="quote">Our new colleague is a complete
chainik</span>&#8221;). FidoNet discussion groups often had a
&#8220;<span class="quote">chainik</span>&#8221; subsection for newbies and, well, old chainiks (eg.
su.asm.chainik, ru.linux.chainik, ru.html.chainik). Public projects often
have a chainik mailing list to keep the chainiks off the developers' and
experienced users' discussions. Today, the word is slowly slipping into
mainstream Russian due to the Russian translation of the popular
yellow-black covered &#8220;<span class="quote">foobar for dummies</span>&#8221; series, which
(correctly) uses &#8220;<span class="quote">chainik</span>&#8221; for &#8220;<span class="quote">dummy</span>&#8221;, but its
frequent (though not excessive) use is still characteristic
hacker-speak.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="chain.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="channel.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">chain </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> channel</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>channel hopping</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="channel.html" title="channel"/><link rel="next" href="channel-op.html" title="channel op"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">channel hopping</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="channel.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="channel-op.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="channel-hopping"/><dt xmlns="" id="channel-hopping"><b>channel hopping</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [common; IRC, GEnie] To rapidly switch channels on
<a href="../I/IRC.html"><i class="glossterm">IRC</i></a>, or a GEnie chat board, just as a social
butterfly might hop from one group to another at a party. This term may
derive from the TV watcher's idiom, <span class="firstterm">channel
surfing</span>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="channel.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="channel-op.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">channel </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> channel op</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>channel op</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="channel-hopping.html" title="channel hopping"/><link rel="next" href="chanop.html" title="chanop"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">channel op</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="channel-hopping.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="chanop.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="channel-op"/><dt xmlns="" id="channel-op"><b>channel op</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/chan´l op/</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [IRC] Someone who is endowed with privileges on a particular
<a href="../I/IRC.html"><i class="glossterm">IRC</i></a> channel; commonly abbreviated <span class="firstterm">chanop</span> or <span class="firstterm">CHOP</span> or just <span class="firstterm">op</span> (as of 2000 these short forms have almost
crowded out the parent usage). These privileges include the right to
<a href="../K/kick.html"><i class="glossterm">kick</i></a> users, to change various status bits, and to
make others into CHOPs.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="channel-hopping.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="chanop.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">channel hopping </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> chanop</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>channel</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="chainik.html" title="chainik"/><link rel="next" href="channel-hopping.html" title="channel hopping"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">channel</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="chainik.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="channel-hopping.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="channel"/><dt xmlns="" id="channel"><b>channel</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [IRC] The basic unit of discussion on <a href="../I/IRC.html"><i class="glossterm">IRC</i></a>.
Once one joins a channel, everything one types is read by others on that
channel. Channels are named with strings that begin with a &#8216;#&#8217;
sign and can have topic descriptions (which are generally irrelevant to the
actual subject of discussion). Some notable channels are <b class="command">#initgame</b>, <b class="command">#hottub</b>,
<b class="command">callahans</b>, and <b class="command">#report</b>. At times of international crisis, <b class="command">#report</b> has hundreds of members, some of whom take
turns listening to various news services and typing in summaries of the
news, or in some cases, giving first-hand accounts of the action (e.g.,
Scud missile attacks in Tel Aviv during the Gulf War in 1991).</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="chainik.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="channel-hopping.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">chainik </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> channel hopping</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>chanop</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="channel-op.html" title="channel op"/><link rel="next" href="char.html" title="char"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">chanop</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="channel-op.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="char.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="chanop"/><dt xmlns="" id="chanop"><b>chanop</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/chan'·op/</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [IRC] See <a href="channel-op.html"><i class="glossterm">channel op</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="channel-op.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="char.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">channel op </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> char</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>char</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="chanop.html" title="chanop"/><link rel="next" href="charityware.html" title="charityware"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">char</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="chanop.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="charityware.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="char"/><dt xmlns="" id="char"><b>char</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/keir/</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/char/</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/kar/</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> Shorthand for &#8216;character&#8217;. Esp.: used by C programmers,
as <span class="firstterm">char</span> is C's typename for character
data.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="chanop.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="charityware.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">chanop </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> charityware</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>charityware</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="char.html" title="char"/><link rel="next" href="chase-pointers.html" title="chase pointers"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">charityware</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="char.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="chase-pointers.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="charityware"/><dt xmlns="" id="charityware"><b>charityware</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/cha´rit·ee·weir`/</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> Syn. <a href="careware.html"><i class="glossterm">careware</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="char.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="chase-pointers.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">char </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> chase pointers</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>chase pointers</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="charityware.html" title="charityware"/><link rel="next" href="chawmp.html" title="chawmp"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">chase pointers</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="charityware.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="chawmp.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="chase-pointers"/><dt xmlns="" id="chase-pointers"><b>chase pointers</b></dt></dt><dd><p> 1. <span class="grammar">vi.</span> To go through multiple
levels of indirection, as in traversing a linked list or graph structure.
Used esp. by programmers in C, where explicit pointers are a very common
data type. This is techspeak, but it remains jargon when used of human
networks. &#8220;<span class="quote">I'm chasing pointers. Bob said you could tell me who to
talk to about....</span>&#8221; See
<a href="../D/dangling-pointer.html"><i class="glossterm">dangling pointer</i></a> and <a href="../S/snap.html"><i class="glossterm">snap</i></a>. </p></dd><dd><p> 2. [Cambridge] <span class="firstterm">pointer chase</span>
or <span class="firstterm">pointer hunt</span>: The process of going
through a <a href="core-dump.html"><i class="glossterm">core dump</i></a> (sense 1), interactively or on a
large piece of paper printed with hex <a href="../R/runes.html"><i class="glossterm">runes</i></a>,
following dynamic data-structures. Used only in a debugging
context.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="charityware.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="chawmp.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">charityware </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> chawmp</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>chawmp</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="chase-pointers.html" title="chase pointers"/><link rel="next" href="check.html" title="check"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">chawmp</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="chase-pointers.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="check.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="chawmp"/><dt xmlns="" id="chawmp"><b>chawmp</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [University of Florida] 16 or 18 bits (half of a machine word).
This term was used by FORTH hackers during the late 1970s/early 1980s; it
is said to have been archaic then, and may now be obsolete. It was coined
in revolt against the promiscuous use of &#8216;word&#8217; for anything
between 16 and 32 bits; &#8216;word&#8217; has an additional special
meaning for FORTH hacks that made the overloading intolerable. For similar
reasons, <span class="pronunciation">/gaw´bl/</span> (spelled
&#8216;gawble&#8217; or possibly &#8216;gawbul&#8217;) was in use as a term
for 32 or 48 bits (presumably a full machine word, but our sources are
unclear on this). These terms are more easily understood if one thinks of
them as faithful phonetic spellings of &#8216;chomp&#8217; and
&#8216;gobble&#8217; pronounced in a Florida or other Southern
U.S. dialect. For general discussion of similar terms, see
<a href="../N/nybble.html"><i class="glossterm">nybble</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="chase-pointers.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="check.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">chase pointers </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> check</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>check</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="chawmp.html" title="chawmp"/><link rel="next" href="cheerfully.html" title="cheerfully"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">check</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="chawmp.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="cheerfully.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="check"/><dt xmlns="" id="check"><b>check</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> A hardware-detected error condition, most commonly used to refer to
actual hardware failures rather than software-induced traps. E.g., a
<span class="firstterm">parity check</span> is the result of a
hardware-detected parity error. Recorded here because the word often
humorously extended to non-technical problems. For example, the term
<span class="firstterm">child check</span> has been used to refer to
the problems caused by a small child who is curious to know what happens
when s/he presses all the cute buttons on a computer's console (of course,
this particular problem could have been prevented with
<a href="../M/molly-guard.html"><i class="glossterm">molly-guard</i></a>s).</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="chawmp.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="cheerfully.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">chawmp </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> cheerfully</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>cheerfully</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="check.html" title="check"/><link rel="next" href="chemist.html" title="chemist"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">cheerfully</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="check.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="chemist.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="cheerfully"/><dt xmlns="" id="cheerfully"><b>cheerfully</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">adv.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> See <a href="../H/happily.html"><i class="glossterm">happily</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="check.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="chemist.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">check </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> chemist</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>chemist</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="cheerfully.html" title="cheerfully"/><link rel="next" href="Chernobyl-chicken.html" title="Chernobyl chicken"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">chemist</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="cheerfully.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Chernobyl-chicken.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="chemist"/><dt xmlns="" id="chemist"><b>chemist</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [Cambridge] Someone who wastes computer time on
<a href="../N/number-crunching.html"><i class="glossterm">number-crunching</i></a> when you'd far rather the machine
were doing something more productive, such as working out anagrams of your
name or printing Snoopy calendars or running <a href="../L/life.html"><i class="glossterm">life</i></a>
patterns. May or may not refer to someone who actually studies
chemistry.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="cheerfully.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Chernobyl-chicken.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">cheerfully </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Chernobyl chicken</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>chicken head</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="Chernobyl-packet.html" title="Chernobyl packet"/><link rel="next" href="chickenboner.html" title="chickenboner"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">chicken head</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Chernobyl-packet.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="chickenboner.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="chicken-head"/><dt xmlns="" id="chicken-head"><b>chicken head</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [Commodore] The Commodore Business Machines logo, which strongly
resembles a poultry part (within Commodore itself the logo was always
called <span class="firstterm">chicken lips</span>). Rendered in
ASCII as &#8216;C=&#8217;. With the arguable exception of the
<a href="../A/Amiga.html"><i class="glossterm">Amiga</i></a>, Commodore's machines were notoriously crocky
little <a href="../B/bitty-box.html"><i class="glossterm">bitty box</i></a>es, albeit people have written
multitasking Unix-like operating systems with TCP/IP networking for them.
Thus, this usage may owe something to Philip K. Dick's novel <i class="citetitle">Do
Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?</i> (the basis for the movie
<i class="citetitle">Blade Runner</i>; the novel is now sold under that
title), in which a &#8216;chickenhead&#8217; is a mutant with below-average
intelligence.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Chernobyl-packet.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="chickenboner.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Chernobyl packet </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> chickenboner</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>chickenboner</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="chicken-head.html" title="chicken head"/><link rel="next" href="chiclet-keyboard.html" title="chiclet keyboard"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">chickenboner</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="chicken-head.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="chiclet-keyboard.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="chickenboner"/><dt xmlns="" id="chickenboner"><b>chickenboner</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [spamfighters] Derogatory term for a spammer. The image that goes
with it is of an overweight redneck with bad teeth living in a trailer,
hunched in semi-darkness over his computer and surrounded by rotting
chicken bones in half-eaten KFC buckets and empty beer cans. See <a href="http://www.spamfaq.net/terminology.shtml#chickenboner" target="_top">http://www.spamfaq.net/terminology.shtml#chickenboner</a>
for discussion.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="chicken-head.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="chiclet-keyboard.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">chicken head </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> chiclet keyboard</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>chiclet keyboard</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="chickenboner.html" title="chickenboner"/><link rel="next" href="Chinese-Army-technique.html" title="Chinese Army technique"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">chiclet keyboard</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="chickenboner.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Chinese-Army-technique.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="chiclet-keyboard"/><dt xmlns="" id="chiclet-keyboard"><b>chiclet keyboard</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> A keyboard with a small, flat rectangular or lozenge-shaped rubber
or plastic keys that look like pieces of chewing gum. (Chiclets is the
brand name of a variety of chewing gum that does in fact resemble the keys
of chiclet keyboards.) Used esp. to describe the original IBM PCjr
keyboard. Vendors unanimously liked these because they were cheap, and a
lot of early portable and laptop products got launched using them.
Customers rejected the idea with almost equal unanimity, and chiclets are
not often seen on anything larger than a digital watch any more.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="chickenboner.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Chinese-Army-technique.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">chickenboner </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Chinese Army technique</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>choad</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="Chinese-Army-technique.html" title="Chinese Army technique"/><link rel="next" href="choke.html" title="choke"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">choad</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Chinese-Army-technique.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="choke.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="choad"/><dt xmlns="" id="choad"><b>choad</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/chohd/</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> Synonym for &#8216;penis&#8217; used in <tt class="systemitem">alt.tasteless</tt> and popularized by the denizens
thereof. They say: &#8220;<span class="quote">We think maybe it's from Middle English but
we're all too damned lazy to check the OED.</span>&#8221; [I'm not. It
isn't. &#8212;ESR] This term is alleged to have been inherited through
1960s underground comics, and to have been recently sighted in the Beavis
and Butthead cartoons. Speakers of the Hindi, Bengali and Gujarati
languages have confirmed that &#8216;choad&#8217; is in fact an Indian
vernacular word equivalent to &#8216;fuck&#8217;; it is therefore likely to
have entered English slang via the British Raj.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Chinese-Army-technique.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="choke.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Chinese Army technique </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> choke</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>choke</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="choad.html" title="choad"/><link rel="next" href="chomp.html" title="chomp"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">choke</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="choad.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="chomp.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="choke"/><dt xmlns="" id="choke"><b>choke</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">v.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [common] To reject input, often ungracefully. &#8220;<span class="quote">NULs make
System V's
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">lpr</span>(1)</span>
choke.</span>&#8221; &#8220;<span class="quote">I tried building an <a href="../E/EMACS.html"><i class="glossterm">EMACS</i></a>
binary to use <a href="../X/X.html"><i class="glossterm">X</i></a>, but
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">cpp</span>(1)</span>
choked on all those <b class="command">#define</b>s.</span>&#8221; See
<a href="../B/barf.html"><i class="glossterm">barf</i></a>, <a href="../V/vi.html"><i class="glossterm">vi</i></a>. </p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="choad.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="chomp.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">choad </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> chomp</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>chomp</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="choke.html" title="choke"/><link rel="next" href="chomper.html" title="chomper"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">chomp</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="choke.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="chomper.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="chomp"/><dt xmlns="" id="chomp"><b>chomp</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">vi.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> 1. To <a href="../L/lose.html"><i class="glossterm">lose</i></a>; specifically, to chew on
something of which more was bitten off than one can. Probably related to
gnashing of teeth. </p></dd><dd><p> 2. To bite the bag; See <a href="../B/bagbiter.html"><i class="glossterm">bagbiter</i></a>.</p></dd><dd><p>A hand gesture commonly accompanies this. To perform it, hold the
four fingers together and place the thumb against their tips. Now open and
close your hand rapidly to suggest a biting action (much like what Pac-Man
does in the classic video game, though this pantomime seems to predate
that). The gesture alone means &#8216;chomp chomp&#8217; (see
<a href="../verb-doubling.html" title="Verb Doubling">Verb Doubling</a> in the
<a href="../construction.html" title="Chapter 4. Jargon Construction">Jargon Construction</a> section
of the Prependices). The hand may be pointed at the object of complaint,
and for real emphasis you can use both hands at once. Doing this to a
person is equivalent to saying &#8220;<span class="quote">You chomper!</span>&#8221; If you point the
gesture at yourself, it is a humble but humorous admission of some failure.
You might do this if someone told you that a program you had written had
failed in some surprising way and you felt dumb for not having anticipated
it.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="choke.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="chomper.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">choke </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> chomper</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>chomper</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="chomp.html" title="chomp"/><link rel="next" href="CHOP.html" title="CHOP"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">chomper</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="chomp.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="CHOP.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="chomper"/><dt xmlns="" id="chomper"><b>chomper</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> Someone or something that is chomping; a loser. See
<a href="../L/loser.html"><i class="glossterm">loser</i></a>, <a href="../B/bagbiter.html"><i class="glossterm">bagbiter</i></a>,
<a href="chomp.html"><i class="glossterm">chomp</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="chomp.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="CHOP.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">chomp </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> CHOP</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>chrome</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="Christmas-tree-packet.html" title="Christmas tree packet"/><link rel="next" href="chug.html" title="chug"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">chrome</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Christmas-tree-packet.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="chug.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="chrome"/><dt xmlns="" id="chrome"><b>chrome</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [from automotive slang via wargaming] Showy features added to
attract users but contributing little or nothing to the power of a system.
&#8220;<span class="quote">The 3D icons in Motif are just chrome, but they certainly are
<span class="emphasis"><em>pretty</em></span> chrome!</span>&#8221; Distinguished from
<a href="../B/bells-and-whistles.html"><i class="glossterm">bells and whistles</i></a> by the fact that the latter are
usually added to gratify developers' own desires for featurefulness. Often
used as a term of contempt.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Christmas-tree-packet.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="chug.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Christmas tree packet </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> chug</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>chug</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="chrome.html" title="chrome"/><link rel="next" href="Church-of-the-SubGenius.html" title="Church of the SubGenius"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">chug</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="chrome.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Church-of-the-SubGenius.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="chug"/><dt xmlns="" id="chug"><b>chug</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">vi.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> To run slowly; to <a href="../G/grind.html"><i class="glossterm">grind</i></a> or
<a href="../G/grovel.html"><i class="glossterm">grovel</i></a>. &#8220;<span class="quote">The disk is chugging like
crazy.</span>&#8221;</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="chrome.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Church-of-the-SubGenius.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">chrome </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Church of the SubGenius</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>clean</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="Classic-C.html" title="Classic C"/><link rel="next" href="click-of-death.html" title="click of death"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">clean</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Classic-C.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="click-of-death.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="clean"/><dt xmlns="" id="clean"><b>clean</b></dt></dt><dd><p> 1. <span class="grammar">adj.</span> Used of hardware or
software designs, implies &#8216;elegance in the small&#8217;, that is, a
design or implementation that may not hold any surprises but does things in
a way that is reasonably intuitive and relatively easy to comprehend from
the outside. The antonym is &#8216;grungy&#8217; or
<a href="crufty.html"><i class="glossterm">crufty</i></a>. </p></dd><dd><p>2. <span class="grammar">v.</span> To remove unneeded or
undesired files in a effort to reduce clutter: &#8220;<span class="quote">I'm cleaning up my
account.</span>&#8221; &#8220;<span class="quote">I cleaned up the garbage and now have 100 Meg free
on that partition.</span>&#8221;</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Classic-C.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="click-of-death.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Classic C </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> click of death</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>click of death</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="clean.html" title="clean"/><link rel="next" href="CLM.html" title="CLM"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">click of death</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="clean.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="CLM.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="click-of-death"/><dt xmlns="" id="click-of-death"><b>click of death</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p>A syndrome of certain Iomega ZIP drives, named for the clicking noise
that is caused by the malady. An affected drive will, after accepting a
disk, will start making a clicking noise and refuse to eject the disk. A
common solution for retrieving the disk is to insert the bent end of a
paper clip into a small hole adjacent to the slot. &#8220;<span class="quote">Clicked</span>&#8221;
disks are generally unusable after being retrieved from the drive.</p><p>The clicking noise is caused by the drive's read/write head bumping
against its movement stops when it fails to find track 0 on the disk,
causing the head to become misaligned. This can happen when the drive has
been subjected to a physical shock, or when the disk is exposed to an
electromagnetic field, such as that of the CRT. Another common cause
is when a package of disks is armed with an anti-theft strip
at a store. When the clerk scans the product to disarm the strip, it can
demagnetize the disks, wiping out track 0.</p><p>There is evidence that the click of death is a communicable disease;
a &#8220;<span class="quote">clicked</span>&#8221; disk can cause the read/write head of a &quot;clean&quot;
drive to become misaligned. Iomega at first denied the existence of the
click of death, but eventually offered to replace free of charge any drives
affected by the condition.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="clean.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="CLM.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">clean </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> CLM</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>clobber</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="CLM.html" title="CLM"/><link rel="next" href="clock.html" title="clock"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">clobber</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="CLM.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="clock.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="clobber"/><dt xmlns="" id="clobber"><b>clobber</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">vt.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> To overwrite, usually unintentionally: &#8220;<span class="quote">I walked off the end
of the array and clobbered the stack.</span>&#8221; Compare
<a href="../M/mung.html"><i class="glossterm">mung</i></a>, <a href="../S/scribble.html"><i class="glossterm">scribble</i></a>,
<a href="../T/trash.html"><i class="glossterm">trash</i></a>, and
<a href="../S/smash-the-stack.html"><i class="glossterm">smash the stack</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="CLM.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="clock.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">CLM </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> clock</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>clock</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="clobber.html" title="clobber"/><link rel="next" href="clocks.html" title="clocks"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">clock</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="clobber.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="clocks.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="clock"/><dt xmlns="" id="clock"><b>clock</b></dt></dt><dd><p><span class="grammar">n.,v.</span> </p></dd><dd><p> 1. [techspeak] The master oscillator that steps a CPU or other
digital circuit through its paces. This has nothing to do with the time of
day, although the software counter that keeps track of the latter may be
derived from the former. </p></dd><dd><p> 2. <span class="grammar">vt.</span> To run a CPU or other
digital circuit at a particular rate. &#8220;<span class="quote">If you clock it at 1000MHz, it
gets warm.</span>&#8221;. See <a href="../O/overclock.html"><i class="glossterm">overclock</i></a>. </p></dd><dd><p> 3. <span class="grammar">vt.</span> To force a digital
circuit from one state to the next by applying a single clock
pulse. &#8220;<span class="quote">The data must be stable 10ns before you clock the
latch.</span>&#8221;</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="clobber.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="clocks.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">clobber </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> clocks</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>clocks</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="clock.html" title="clock"/><link rel="next" href="clone.html" title="clone"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">clocks</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="clock.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="clone.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="clocks"/><dt xmlns="" id="clocks"><b>clocks</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> Processor logic cycles, so called because each generally corresponds
to one clock pulse in the processor's timing. The relative execution times
of instructions on a machine are usually discussed in clocks rather than
absolute fractions of a second; one good reason for this is that clock
speeds for various models of the machine may increase as technology
improves, and it is usually the relative times one is interested in when
discussing the instruction set. Compare <a href="cycle.html"><i class="glossterm">cycle</i></a>,
<a href="../J/jiffy.html"><i class="glossterm">jiffy</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="clock.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="clone.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">clock </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> clone</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>clone-and-hack coding</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="clone.html" title="clone"/><link rel="next" href="clover-key.html" title="clover key"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">clone-and-hack coding</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="clone.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="clover-key.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="clone-and-hack-coding"/><dt xmlns="" id="clone-and-hack-coding"><b>clone-and-hack coding</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [DEC] Syn. <a href="case-and-paste.html"><i class="glossterm">case and paste</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="clone.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="clover-key.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">clone </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> clover key</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>clone</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="clocks.html" title="clocks"/><link rel="next" href="clone-and-hack-coding.html" title="clone-and-hack coding"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">clone</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="clocks.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="clone-and-hack-coding.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="clone"/><dt xmlns="" id="clone"><b>clone</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> 1. An exact duplicate: &#8220;<span class="quote">Our product is a clone of their
product.</span>&#8221; Implies a legal reimplementation from documentation or by
reverse-engineering. Also connotes lower price. </p></dd><dd><p> 2. A shoddy, spurious copy: &#8220;<span class="quote">Their product is a clone of our
product.</span>&#8221; </p></dd><dd><p> 3. A blatant ripoff, most likely violating copyright, patent, or
trade secret protections: &#8220;<span class="quote">Your product is a clone of my
product.</span>&#8221; This use implies legal action is pending.</p></dd><dd><p> 4. [obs] <span class="firstterm">PC clone:</span> a
PC-BUS/ISA/EISA/PCI-compatible 80x86-based microcomputer (this use is
sometimes spelled <span class="firstterm">klone</span> or <span class="firstterm">PClone</span>). These invariably have much more bang
for the buck than the IBM archetypes they resemble. This term fell out of
use in the 1990s; the class of machines it describes are now simply
<span class="firstterm">PCs</span> or <span class="firstterm">Intel machines</span>. </p></dd><dd><p> 5. [obs.] In the construction <span class="firstterm">Unix
clone</span>: An OS designed to deliver a Unix-lookalike environment
without Unix license fees, or with additional
&#8216;mission-critical&#8217; features such as support for real-time
programming. <a href="../L/Linux.html"><i class="glossterm">Linux</i></a> and the free BSDs killed off
this product category and the term with it. </p></dd><dd><p> 6. <span class="grammar">v.</span> To make an exact copy of
something. &#8220;<span class="quote">Let me clone that</span>&#8221; might mean &#8220;<span class="quote">I want to
borrow that paper so I can make a photocopy</span>&#8221; or &#8220;<span class="quote">Let me get a
copy of that file before you <a href="../M/mung.html"><i class="glossterm">mung</i></a> it</span>&#8221;.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="clocks.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="clone-and-hack-coding.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">clocks </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> clone-and-hack coding</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>clover key</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="clone-and-hack-coding.html" title="clone-and-hack coding"/><link rel="next" href="clue-by-four.html" title="clue-by-four"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">clover key</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="clone-and-hack-coding.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="clue-by-four.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="clover-key"/><dt xmlns="" id="clover-key"><b>clover key</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [Mac users] See <a href="../F/feature-key.html"><i class="glossterm">feature key</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="clone-and-hack-coding.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="clue-by-four.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">clone-and-hack coding </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> clue-by-four</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>clue-by-four</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="clover-key.html" title="clover key"/><link rel="next" href="clustergeeking.html" title="clustergeeking"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">clue-by-four</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="clover-key.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="clustergeeking.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="clue-by-four"/><dt xmlns="" id="clue-by-four"><b>clue-by-four</b></dt></dt><dd><p> [Usenet: portmanteau, clue + two-by-four] The notional stick with
which one whacks an aggressively clueless person. This term derives from a
western American folk saying about training a mule &#8220;<span class="quote">First, you got to
hit him with a two-by-four. That's to get his attention.</span>&#8221; The
clue-by-four is a close relative of the <a href="../L/LART.html"><i class="glossterm">LART</i></a>.
Syn. <span class="firstterm">clue stick</span>. This metaphor is
commonly elaborated; your editor once heard a hacker say &#8220;<span class="quote">I smite you
with the great sword Cluebringer!</span>&#8221;</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="clover-key.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="clustergeeking.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">clover key </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> clustergeeking</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>clustergeeking</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="clue-by-four.html" title="clue-by-four"/><link rel="next" href="co-lo.html" title="co-lo"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">clustergeeking</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="clue-by-four.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="co-lo.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="clustergeeking"/><dt xmlns="" id="clustergeeking"><b>clustergeeking</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/kluh´st@r·gee`king/</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [CMU] Spending more time at a computer cluster doing CS homework
than most people spend breathing.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="clue-by-four.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="co-lo.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">clue-by-four </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> co-lo</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>co-lo</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="clustergeeking.html" title="clustergeeking"/><link rel="next" href="coaster.html" title="coaster"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">co-lo</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="clustergeeking.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="coaster.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="co-lo"/><dt xmlns="" id="co-lo"><b>co-lo</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/koh´loh`/</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [very common; first heard c.1995] Short for
&#8216;co-location&#8217;, used of a machine you own that is physically
sited on the premises of an ISP in order to take advantage of the ISP's
direct access to lots of network bandwidth. Often in the phrases <span class="firstterm">co-lo box</span> or <span class="firstterm">co-lo
machines</span>. Co-lo boxes are typically web and FTP servers
remote-administered by their owners, who may seldom or never visit the
actual site.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="clustergeeking.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="coaster.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">clustergeeking </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> coaster</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>coaster toaster</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="coaster.html" title="coaster"/><link rel="next" href="COBOL.html" title="COBOL"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">coaster toaster</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="coaster.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="COBOL.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="coaster-toaster"/><dt xmlns="" id="coaster-toaster"><b>coaster toaster</b></dt></dt><dd><p> A writer for recordable CD-Rs, especially cheap IDE models that
tend to produce a high proportion of
<a href="coaster.html"><i class="glossterm">coaster</i></a>s.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="coaster.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="COBOL.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">coaster </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> COBOL</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>coaster</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="co-lo.html" title="co-lo"/><link rel="next" href="coaster-toaster.html" title="coaster toaster"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">coaster</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="co-lo.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="coaster-toaster.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="coaster"/><dt xmlns="" id="coaster"><b>coaster</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> 1. Unuseable CD produced during failed attempt at writing to
writeable or re-writeable CD media. Certainly related to the coaster-like
shape of a CD, and the relative value of these failures. &#8220;<span class="quote">I made a
lot of coasters before I got a good CD.</span>&#8221; </p></dd><dd><p> 2. Useless CDs received in the mail from the likes of AOL, MSN, CI$,
Prodigy, ad nauseam.</p></dd><dd><p>In the U.K., <span class="firstterm">beermat</span> is often
used in these senses. </p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="co-lo.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="coaster-toaster.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">co-lo </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> coaster toaster</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>cobweb site</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="COBOL-fingers.html" title="COBOL fingers"/><link rel="next" href="code.html" title="code"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">cobweb site</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="COBOL-fingers.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="code.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="cobweb-site"/><dt xmlns="" id="cobweb-site"><b>cobweb site</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> A World Wide Web Site that hasn't been updated so long it has
figuratively grown cobwebs.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="COBOL-fingers.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="code.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">COBOL fingers </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> code</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>code grinder</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="code.html" title="code"/><link rel="next" href="code-monkey.html" title="code monkey"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">code grinder</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="code.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="code-monkey.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="code-grinder"/><dt xmlns="" id="code-grinder"><b>code grinder</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> 1. A <a href="../S/suit.html"><i class="glossterm">suit</i></a>-wearing minion of the sort hired in
legion strength by banks and insurance companies to implement payroll
packages in RPG and other such unspeakable horrors. In its native habitat,
the code grinder often removes the suit jacket to reveal an underplumage
consisting of button-down shirt (starch optional) and a tie. In times of
dire stress, the sleeves (if long) may be rolled up and the tie loosened
about half an inch. It seldom helps. The
<a href="code-grinder.html"><i class="glossterm">code grinder</i></a>'s milieu is about as far from hackerdom as one can get
and still touch a computer; the term connotes pity. See
<a href="../R/Real-World.html"><i class="glossterm">Real World</i></a>, <a href="../S/suit.html"><i class="glossterm">suit</i></a>. </p></dd><dd><p> 2. Used of or to a hacker, a really serious slur on the person's
creative ability; connotes a design style characterized by primitive
technique, rule-boundedness, <a href="../B/brute-force.html"><i class="glossterm">brute force</i></a>, and utter
lack of imagination. </p></dd><dd><p>Contrast
<a href="../H/hacker.html"><i class="glossterm">hacker</i></a>,
<a href="../R/Real-Programmer.html"><i class="glossterm">Real Programmer</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="code.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="code-monkey.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">code </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> code monkey</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>code monkey</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="code-grinder.html" title="code grinder"/><link rel="next" href="Code-of-the-Geeks.html" title="Code of the Geeks"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">code monkey</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="code-grinder.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Code-of-the-Geeks.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="code-monkey"/><dt xmlns="" id="code-monkey"><b>code monkey</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n</span></dt></dt><dd><p> 1. A person only capable of grinding out code, but unable to perform
the higher-primate tasks of software architecture, analysis, and design.
Mildly insulting. Often applied to the most junior people on a programming
team. </p></dd><dd><p> 2. Anyone who writes code for a living; a programmer. </p></dd><dd><p> 3. A self-deprecating way of denying responsibility for a
<a href="../M/management.html"><i class="glossterm">management</i></a> decision, or of complaining about having
to live with such decisions. As in &#8220;<span class="quote">Don't ask me why we need to
write a compiler in COBOL, I'm just a code monkey.</span>&#8221;</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="code-grinder.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Code-of-the-Geeks.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">code grinder </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Code of the Geeks</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>code police</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="Code-of-the-Geeks.html" title="Code of the Geeks"/><link rel="next" href="codes.html" title="codes"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">code police</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Code-of-the-Geeks.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="codes.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="code-police"/><dt xmlns="" id="code-police"><b>code police</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [by analogy with George Orwell's &#8216;thought police&#8217;] A
mythical team of Gestapo-like storm troopers that might burst into one's
office and arrest one for violating programming style rules. May be used
either seriously, to underline a claim that a particular style violation is
dangerous, or ironically, to suggest that the practice under discussion is
condemned mainly by anal-retentive <a href="../W/weenie.html"><i class="glossterm">weenie</i></a>s.
&#8220;<span class="quote">Dike out that goto or the code police will get you!</span>&#8221; The
ironic usage is perhaps more common.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Code-of-the-Geeks.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="codes.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Code of the Geeks </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> codes</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>code</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="cobweb-site.html" title="cobweb site"/><link rel="next" href="code-grinder.html" title="code grinder"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">code</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="cobweb-site.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="code-grinder.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="code"/><dt xmlns="" id="code"><b>code</b></dt></dt><dd><p> 1. <span class="grammar">n.</span> The stuff that software
writers write, either in source form or after translation by a compiler or
assembler. Often used in opposition to &#8220;<span class="quote">data</span>&#8221;, which is the
stuff that code operates on. Among hackers this is a mass noun, as in
&#8220;<span class="quote">How much code does it take to do a <a href="../B/bubble-sort.html"><i class="glossterm">bubble
sort</i></a>?</span>&#8221;, or &#8220;<span class="quote">The code is loaded at the high end of
RAM.</span>&#8221; Among scientific programmers it is sometimes a count noun
equilvalent to &#8220;<span class="quote">program</span>&#8221;; thus they may speak of
&#8220;<span class="quote">codes</span>&#8221; in the plural. Anyone referring to software as
&#8220;<span class="quote">the software codes</span>&#8221; is probably a
<a href="../N/newbie.html"><i class="glossterm">newbie</i></a> or a <a href="../S/suit.html"><i class="glossterm">suit</i></a>. </p></dd><dd><p> 2. <span class="grammar">v.</span> To write code. In this
sense, always refers to source code rather than compiled. &#8220;<span class="quote">I coded
an Emacs clone in two hours!</span>&#8221; This verb is a bit of a cultural
marker associated with the Unix and minicomputer traditions (and lately
Linux); people within that culture prefer v. &#8216;code&#8217; to
v. &#8216;program&#8217; whereas outside it the reverse is normally
true.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="cobweb-site.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="code-grinder.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">cobweb site </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> code grinder</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>codes</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="code-police.html" title="code police"/><link rel="next" href="codewalker.html" title="codewalker"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">codes</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="code-police.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="codewalker.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="codes"/><dt xmlns="" id="codes"><b>codes</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [scientific computing] Programs. This usage is common in people who
hack supercomputers and heavy-duty <a href="../N/number-crunching.html"><i class="glossterm">number-crunching</i></a>,
rare to unknown elsewhere (if you say &#8220;<span class="quote">codes</span>&#8221; to hackers
outside scientific computing, their first association is likely to be
&#8220;<span class="quote">and cyphers</span>&#8221;).</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="code-police.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="codewalker.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">code police </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> codewalker</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>codewalker</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="codes.html" title="codes"/><link rel="next" href="coefficient-of-X.html" title="coefficient of X"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">codewalker</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="codes.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="coefficient-of-X.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="codewalker"/><dt xmlns="" id="codewalker"><b>codewalker</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> A program component that traverses other programs for a living.
Compilers have codewalkers in their front ends; so do cross-reference
generators and some database front ends. Other utility programs that try
to do too much with source code may turn into codewalkers. As in
&#8220;<span class="quote">This new <b class="command">vgrind</b> feature would
require a codewalker to implement.</span>&#8221;</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="codes.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="coefficient-of-X.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">codes </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> coefficient of X</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>coefficient of X</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="codewalker.html" title="codewalker"/><link rel="next" href="cokebottle.html" title="cokebottle"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">coefficient of X</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="codewalker.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="cokebottle.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="coefficient-of-X"/><dt xmlns="" id="coefficient-of-X"><b>coefficient of X</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> Hackish speech makes heavy use of pseudo-mathematical metaphors.
Four particularly important ones involve the terms <span class="firstterm">coefficient</span>, <span class="firstterm">factor</span>, <span class="firstterm">index of
X</span>, and <span class="firstterm">quotient</span>. They are
often loosely applied to things you cannot really be quantitative about,
but there are subtle distinctions among them that convey information about
the way the speaker mentally models whatever he or she is describing.
<span class="firstterm">Foo factor</span> and <span class="firstterm">foo quotient</span> tend to describe something for
which the issue is one of presence or absence. The canonical example is
<a href="../F/fudge-factor.html"><i class="glossterm">fudge factor</i></a>. It's not important how much you're
fudging; the term simply acknowledges that some fudging is needed. You
might talk of liking a movie for its silliness factor. Quotient tends to
imply that the property is a ratio of two opposing factors: &#8220;<span class="quote">I would
have won except for my luck quotient.</span>&#8221; This could also be &#8220;<span class="quote">I
would have won except for the luck factor</span>&#8221;, but using
<span class="emphasis"><em>quotient</em></span> emphasizes that it was bad luck overpowering
good luck (or someone else's good luck overpowering your own). <span class="firstterm">Foo index</span> and <span class="firstterm">coefficient of foo</span> both tend to imply that foo
is, if not strictly measurable, at least something that can be larger or
smaller. Thus, you might refer to a paper or person as having a <span class="firstterm">high bogosity index</span>, whereas you would be less
likely to speak of a <span class="firstterm">high bogosity
factor</span>. <span class="firstterm">Foo index</span>
suggests that foo is a condensation of many quantities, as in the mundane
cost-of-living index; <span class="firstterm">coefficient of
foo</span> suggests that foo is a fundamental quantity, as in a
coefficient of friction. The choice between these terms is often one of
personal preference; e.g., some people might feel that bogosity is a
fundamental attribute and thus say <span class="firstterm">coefficient
of bogosity</span>, whereas others might feel it is a combination of
factors and thus say <span class="firstterm">bogosity
index</span>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="codewalker.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="cokebottle.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">codewalker </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> cokebottle</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>cokebottle</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="coefficient-of-X.html" title="coefficient of X"/><link rel="next" href="cold-boot.html" title="cold boot"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">cokebottle</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="coefficient-of-X.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="cold-boot.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="cokebottle"/><dt xmlns="" id="cokebottle"><b>cokebottle</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/kohk´bot·l/</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> Any very unusual character, particularly one you can't type because
it isn't on your keyboard. MIT people used to complain about the
&#8216;control-meta-cokebottle&#8217; commands at SAIL, and SAIL people
complained right back about the &#8216;escape-escape-cokebottle&#8217;
commands at MIT. After the demise of the <a href="../S/space-cadet-keyboard.html"><i class="glossterm">space-cadet
keyboard</i></a>, <span class="firstterm">cokebottle</span>
faded away as serious usage, but was often invoked humorously to describe
an (unspecified) weird or non-intuitive keystroke command. It may be due
for a second inning, however. The OSF/Motif window manager,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">mwm</span>(1)</span>,
has a reserved keystroke for switching to the default set of keybindings
and behavior. This keystroke is (believe it or not)
&#8216;control-meta-bang&#8217; (see <a href="../B/bang.html"><i class="glossterm">bang</i></a>). Since
the exclamation point looks a lot like an upside down Coke bottle, Motif
hackers have begun referring to this keystroke as <span class="firstterm">cokebottle</span>. See also <a href="../Q/quadruple-bucky.html"><i class="glossterm">quadruple
bucky</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="coefficient-of-X.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="cold-boot.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">coefficient of X </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> cold boot</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>cold boot</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="cokebottle.html" title="cokebottle"/><link rel="next" href="COME-FROM.html" title="COME FROM"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">cold boot</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="cokebottle.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="COME-FROM.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="cold-boot"/><dt xmlns="" id="cold-boot"><b>cold boot</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> See <a href="../B/boot.html"><i class="glossterm">boot</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="cokebottle.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="COME-FROM.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">cokebottle </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> COME FROM</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>comm mode</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="COME-FROM.html" title="COME FROM"/><link rel="next" href="command-key.html" title="command key"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">comm mode</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="COME-FROM.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="command-key.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="comm-mode"/><dt xmlns="" id="comm-mode"><b>comm mode</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/kom mohd/</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [ITS: from the feature supporting on-line chat; the first word may
be spelled with one or two m's] Syn. for
<a href="../T/talk-mode.html"><i class="glossterm">talk mode</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="COME-FROM.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="command-key.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">COME FROM </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> command key</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>command key</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../C.html" title="C"/><link rel="previous" href="comm-mode.html" title="comm mode"/><link rel="next" href="comment-out.html" title="comment out"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">command key</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="comm-mode.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">C</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="comment-out.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="command-key"/><dt xmlns="" id="command-key"><b>command key</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [Mac users] Syn. <a href="../F/feature-key.html"><i class="glossterm">feature key</i></a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="comm-mode.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../C.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="comment-out.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">comm mode </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> comment out</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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